Established disease-modifying treatments in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

Area of Science:

• Neuroimmunology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system.
• Relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) is the most common form, characterized by distinct attacks and remissions.
• Disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) are essential for managing RRMS progression and symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the mechanisms of action of established DMTs for RRMS.
• To summarize the efficacy and safety profiles of widely approved RRMS therapies.
• To provide a foundation for informed clinical decision-making in MS management.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of established DMTs for RRMS.
• Comparative analysis of treatment mechanisms, efficacy, and safety data.
• Synthesis of current evidence for key RRMS therapies.

Main Results:

• Established DMTs for RRMS include interferon-β, glatiramer acetate, natalizumab, fingolimod, teriflunomide, and dimethyl fumarate.
• These therapies exhibit diverse mechanisms of action, efficacy levels, and safety/tolerability profiles.
• The article provides a concise summary of these critical treatment characteristics.

Conclusions:

• The landscape of RRMS treatment is evolving, with an increasing number of DMT options.
• Individualized treatment selection is paramount, considering disease activity, severity, safety, tolerability, and patient preference.
• Neurologists require comprehensive knowledge of DMTs to optimize patient care in RRMS.