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Dosage-Adjusted Resistance Training in Mice with a Reduced Risk of Muscle Damage
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High genetic risk individuals benefit less from resistance exercise intervention
Y C Klimentidis1, J W Bea2,3, T Lohman4
1Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
International Journal of Obesity (2005)
|May 1, 2015
Summary
Individual genetic risk for obesity influences weight loss and body composition changes from resistance exercise. Those with lower genetic obesity risk experienced greater benefits from exercise interventions.
Area of Science:
- Human genetics
- Exercise physiology
- Obesity research
Background:
- Genetic factors significantly influence body mass index (BMI) variation.
- Genetic predispositions likely impact responses to exercise interventions, including weight loss and body composition.
- Recent advances in identifying BMI-associated genetic variants enable investigation of gene-environment interactions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the interaction between genetic risk for obesity and resistance exercise on weight loss and body composition.
- To determine if the effect of exercise on body composition differs based on an individual's genetic predisposition to obesity.
Main Methods:
- A block-randomized clinical trial involving 148 women undergoing a 1-year supervised, intensive resistance exercise program.
- Genetic risk for obesity was assessed using a genetic risk score (GRS) based on 21 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with BMI variation.
- Interactions between the exercise intervention and GRS were analyzed for anthropometric and body composition measurements.
Main Results:
- Statistically significant interactions were observed for body weight (P=0.01), body fat (P=0.01), body fat percentage (P=0.02), and abdominal fat (P=0.02).
- The positive effects of exercise on weight loss and body composition were more pronounced in individuals with a lower genetic risk for obesity.
- No single genetic variant (SNP) was identified as the primary driver of these observed interactions.
Conclusions:
- The effectiveness of resistance exercise for weight loss and improving body composition is modulated by an individual's genetic risk for obesity.
- Personalized exercise prescriptions may be beneficial, considering genetic predispositions to obesity for optimizing outcomes.
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