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Related Concept Videos

Spermatogenesis01:41

Spermatogenesis

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Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid sperm cells are produced in the male testes. It starts with stem cells located close to the outer rim of seminiferous tubules. These spermatogonial stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to additional stem cells (meaning that these structures “self-renew”), as well as sperm progenitors, called spermatocytes. Importantly, this method of asymmetric mitotic division maintains a population of spermatogonial stem cells in the male...
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Using an Extracellular Flux Analyzer to Measure Changes in Glycolysis and Oxidative Phosphorylation during Mouse Sperm Capacitation
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High glucose concentrations per se do not adversely affect human sperm function in vitro.

J M D Portela1, R S Tavares2, P C Mota2

  • 1Biology of Reproduction and Stem Cell GroupCenter for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, PortugalDepartment of Life SciencesUniversity of Coimbra, 3001-401 Coimbra, PortugalInstitute for Interdisciplinary ResearchUniversity of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal.

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Summary

High glucose levels alone do not impair human sperm function in vitro. However, the absence of metabolizable glucose severely impacts sperm function, highlighting other factors in diabetes mellitus complications.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Endocrinology
  • Diabetology

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health concern linked to reproductive dysfunction.
  • The exact mechanisms of DM-induced reproductive issues are unclear.
  • Hyperglycemia is a suspected key factor in DM pathophysiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the isolated effect of high glucose on human sperm function in vitro.
  • To analyze key sperm parameters under varying glucose concentrations and incubation times.
  • To differentiate the impact of metabolizable (d-glucose) versus non-metabolizable (l-glucose).

Main Methods:

  • Human sperm samples were incubated with d-glucose and l-glucose (5, 25, 50 mM) for 24 and 48 hours.
  • Sperm motility, viability, capacitation, acrosomal integrity, mitochondrial superoxide production, and membrane potential were measured.
  • An in vitro approach was used to isolate glucose effects, avoiding in vivo confounding factors.

Main Results:

  • High d-glucose (25, 50 mM) did not affect most sperm parameters, except for potentiating the acrosome reaction at 50 mM after 48 hours.
  • Non-metabolizable l-glucose significantly increased superoxide production and decreased motility and capacitation within 24 hours.
  • l-glucose also reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, acrosomal integrity, and viability over time.

Conclusions:

  • High glucose concentrations alone do not appear to directly impair human sperm function in vitro.
  • The study underscores the role of other factors in diabetes-related male reproductive dysfunction.
  • The absence of metabolizable glucose significantly compromises sperm function, impacting male fertility.