Recent advances in managing and understanding menstrual disorders

Area of Science:

• Gynaecology
• Reproductive Medicine
• Clinical Classification Systems

Background:

• Menstrual disorders are a common reason for gynecological consultations globally.
• Existing definitions and classifications for these conditions lack clarity and consistency.
• Standardized terminology is crucial for scientific literature, clinical practice, and treatment trials.

Purpose of the Study:

• To introduce and advocate for the adoption of the FIGO PALM-COEIN classification system for menstrual disorders.
• To replace the term dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) and heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB).
• To provide a systematic framework for classifying and managing menstrual disorders.

Main Methods:

• The FIGO Menstrual Disorders Working Group proposed abandoning the term DUB.
• The group introduced the PALM-COEIN classification system.
• This system categorizes menstrual disorders systematically for research and clinical use.

Main Results:

• The PALM-COEIN system has been rapidly adopted worldwide.
• It enables systematic identification and classification of women with AUB and HMB.
• The system supports accurate diagnoses, epidemiological studies, and tailored treatment selection.

Conclusions:

• The PALM-COEIN classification offers a standardized approach to menstrual disorders.
• It improves research reliability and clinical decision-making.
• This system facilitates appropriate treatment strategies across different reproductive stages and bleeding patterns.