Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 13, 2026
06:08
Establishment and Characterization of Patient-Derived Xenograft Models of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma and Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Published on: June 2, 2023
2.6K
Controversies in familial thyroid cancer 2014
1Professor Emeritus of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, San Francisco, USA.
Ulusal Cerrahi Dergisi
|May 2, 2015
Summary
Familial thyroid cancer, though less common than sporadic forms, presents unique challenges. This review addresses controversies in its management for surgeons.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Oncology
- Surgical Oncology
Background:
- Thyroid cancer is a prevalent malignancy, particularly in women.
- While most thyroid cancers are sporadic, a significant percentage of medullary and papillary types have familial origins.
- Familial thyroid cancer presents distinct clinical and management challenges compared to sporadic cases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide surgeons with insights into the complexities of familial thyroid cancer.
- To address current controversies surrounding the diagnosis and treatment of familial thyroid cancer.
- To offer a comprehensive overview for optimizing patient care.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on familial thyroid cancer.
- Synthesis of current evidence on inheritance, tumor behavior, and treatment.
- Analysis of controversies in surgical resection and postoperative care.
Main Results:
- Familial thyroid cancer involves specific inheritance patterns and tumor behaviors.
- Debates exist regarding optimal surgical extent and postoperative management.
- Associated risks of other cancers and coexisting thyroid pathologies require consideration.
Conclusions:
- Familial thyroid cancer necessitates specialized understanding and tailored management strategies.
- Further research is needed to resolve ongoing controversies in treatment.
- This review serves as a guide for surgeons managing these complex cases.
Related Concept Videos
01:23The Thyroid Gland
9.1K
The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
9.1K
01:20Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones
9.4K
Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
9.4K
01:05Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes
10.2K
Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
10.2K
01:05Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes
3.1K
3.1K
01:33Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes
12.2K
Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
12.2K
01:12Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions
6.4K
Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
When the tumor suppressor genes develop mutations or are lost, cells start growing out of control, leading to cancer. However, a single functional copy of the tumor suppressor gene is enough for the cells to maintain their normal functions and cell...
When the tumor suppressor genes develop mutations or are lost, cells start growing out of control, leading to cancer. However, a single functional copy of the tumor suppressor gene is enough for the cells to maintain their normal functions and cell...
6.4K