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Research and Development of High-performance Explosives
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Using time-frequency analysis to determine time-resolved detonation velocity with microwave interferometry.

David E Kittell1, Jesus O Mares1, Steven F Son1

  • 1Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|May 3, 2015
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Summary

Time-frequency analysis using short-time Fourier transform (STFT) and continuous wavelet transform (CWT) accurately determined detonation velocities from microwave interferometry (MI) signals. These methods outperform traditional techniques, especially for low-quality data.

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Area of Science:

  • Combustion science
  • Signal processing
  • Explosives engineering

Background:

  • Microwave interferometry (MI) is used to study transient detonation phenomena.
  • Traditional analysis methods like peak-picking and phase unwrapping have limitations in resolving detonation velocities, particularly with noisy signals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of time-frequency analysis methods, specifically short-time Fourier transform (STFT) and continuous wavelet transform (CWT), for determining time-resolved detonation velocities using MI.
  • To compare the performance of STFT and CWT against established peak-picking and phase unwrapping techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental data from detonations of triaminotrinitrobenzene and ammonium nitrate-urea explosives were analyzed.
  • Detonation velocities were determined using STFT and CWT, and results were compared with peak-picking and quadrature analysis (phase unwrapping).

Main Results:

  • Time-frequency analysis (STFT and CWT) demonstrated superior capability in extracting high-resolution velocity information from low-quality MI signals compared to traditional methods.
  • STFT and CWT offer a more unbiased analysis due to simpler parameter control.
  • Phase unwrapping introduced user variability, and peak-picking lacked high velocity resolution.

Conclusions:

  • STFT and CWT are proposed as improved analytical tools for MI detonation experiments.
  • These time-frequency methods enhance the extraction of detonation velocity data, particularly from challenging, low-quality signals.
  • The proposed methods hold potential for similar applications requiring precise transient event analysis.