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Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis
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[Crystalluria].

Michel Daudon1

  • 1Service des explorations fonctionnelles, hôpital Tenon, AP-HP, 4, rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France.

Nephrologie & Therapeutique
|May 3, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Crystalluria, the presence of urine crystals, can indicate kidney issues like stones or failure. Analyzing urine crystals helps diagnose and manage kidney diseases, predicting stone recurrence effectively.

Keywords:
Calcium oxalateCalcium phosphateCristallurieCrystal habitCrystalluriaCysteineCystineDiagnostic étiologiqueDihydroxyadenineDihydroxyadénineEtiological diagnosisFaciès cristallinOxalate de calciumPhosphate de calciumStruvite

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Urology
  • Clinical Chemistry

Background:

  • Crystalluria, the presence of crystals in urine, arises from supersaturation and can lead to kidney problems like nephrolithiasis and renal impairment.
  • It is not inherently pathological; distinguishing between physiologic and pathologic crystalluria requires considering sample characteristics and clinical context.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the diagnostic and prognostic significance of crystalluria analysis in kidney diseases.
  • To emphasize the importance of proper sample collection and pre-analytical conditions for accurate crystalluria assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of urine samples, with a focus on the first morning void, to identify crystal type, habit, abundance, and aggregation.
  • Evaluation of crystalluria in conjunction with clinical data, including history of nephrolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis, and renal function.
  • Assessment of urine pH and pre-analytical sample handling (storage < 2 hours at room temperature).

Main Results:

  • Crystalluria examination aids in identifying monogenic crystallogenetic disorders and drug-induced acute renal failure.
  • It helps physicians identify metabolic disorders contributing to kidney stone formation and assess preventive measure efficacy.
  • Crystalluria analysis is a key predictor of stone recurrence in patients with a history of kidney stones.

Conclusions:

  • Crystalluria examination is crucial for diagnosing and managing lithogenetic diseases and conditions causing intratubular crystal formation and renal impairment.
  • It serves as a valuable tool for monitoring patients, adjusting treatments, and preventing stone recurrence.
  • Proper urine sample handling and analysis are essential for clinical validation and effective patient management.