Absence of α- and β-dystroglycan is associated with Walker-Warburg syndrome

Moniek Riemersma1, Hanna Mandel1, Ellen van Beusekom1

  • 1From the Department of Neurology (M.R., D.J.L., M.A.W.), Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine (M.R., D.J.L., R.A.W.), Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (M.R., E.v.B., T.R., L.E.V., H.v.B.), and Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour (H.v.B.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Metabolic Unit, Department of Pediatrics (H.M.), and Institute of Human Genetics (R.G.-B.), Rambam Health Care Campus, and the Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Techion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa; Department of Human Genetics (I.G.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Genetics (T.R.), Sydney Children's Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Diagnostic Imaging (A.E.), Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa; and Department of Molecular Genetics (M.G., S.P.), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.

Neurology
|May 3, 2015
PubMed
Abstract

Related Concept Videos

Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not...
6.9K
Glucose Transporters01:27

Glucose Transporters

Glucose transporters facilitate the transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In addition to glucose, some glucose transporters can also aid the movement of other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and galactose.
Facilitated diffusion-glucose transporters (GLUTs) are encoded by the solute-linked carrier (SLC) family 2, subfamily A gene family, or SLC2A. The 14 GLUT protein members are distributed into three classes:
28.4K
Pleiotropy01:33

Pleiotropy

Pleiotropy is the phenomenon in which a single gene impacts multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. For example, defects in the SOX10 gene cause Waardenburg Syndrome Type 4, or WS4, which can cause defects in pigmentation, hearing impairments, and an absence of intestinal contractions necessary for elimination. This diversity of phenotypes results from the expression pattern of SOX10 in early embryonic and fetal development. SOX10 is found in neural crest cells that form melanocytes,...
44.2K
Actin Polymerization and Cell Motility01:13

Actin Polymerization and Cell Motility

Actin is a family of globular proteins that are highly abundant in eukaryotic cells. It makes up approximately 1-5% of total cell protein concentration. Actin monomers polymerize to form a complex network of polarized filaments, the actin cytoskeleton, that plays a crucial role in many cellular processes, including cell motility, division, endocytosis, and metastasis of cancer cells.
Actin cytoskeleton dynamics can produce pushing, pulling, and resistance forces that help the cell to migrate....
7.3K
Inborn Errors of Metabolism01:20

Inborn Errors of Metabolism

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a protein metabolism disorder characterized by high blood levels of the amino acid phenylalanine. This results from a mutation in the gene responsible for phenylalanine hydroxylase, an enzyme that converts phenylalanine into tyrosine. When this enzyme is deficient, phenylalanine builds up in the blood, leading to symptoms such as vomiting, rashes, seizures, growth deficiency, and severe mental retardation. An early diagnosis and a diet restricting phenylalanine intake...
1.0K
Lysosomal Hydrolases01:22

Lysosomal Hydrolases

Lysosomes are the site for the degradation of macromolecules and biological polymers released during membrane trafficking events such as secretory, endocytic, autophagic, and phagocytic pathways. The membrane-enclosed area of the lysosome, called the lumen, contains hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment. These acid hydrolases are functional at a pH between 4.5 and 5 and are involved in cellular processes such as cell signaling, energy metabolism, restoration of the plasma membrane,...
4.8K