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Updated: Apr 13, 2026

Author Spotlight: Advancing Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery in Children Through Novel Biomarkers and Enhanced Localization
Published on: September 20, 2024
Pharmacoresistent Partial Epilepsy Secondary to Progressive Inflammatory Poliodystrophy
Rachel A Kuperman1, Kenneth W Martin2
1Pediatric Neurology, Children's Hospital and Research Center, Oakland, California.
Background:
Epilepsy with progressive cortical volume loss is described secondary to energy failure such as mitochondrial disorders, infectious, or inflammatory etiologies and associated with temporal lobe epilepsy. Postmortem studies do not support that spontaneous seizures even if present for prolonged periods universally result in cortical volume loss.
Main Findings:
We describe two children with extratemporal pharmacoresistent epilepsy, slowly progressive gray matter volume loss over several years, and evidence of central nervous system inflammation. Brain magnetic resonance imaging changes and antibody profiles were not typical of a well-defined, antibody-mediated central nervous system syndrome such as N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis.
Conclusions:
These patients illustrate a novel presentation of a subacute inflammatory central nervous system process with epilepsy and progressive cortical volume loss, supporting the role of sequential brain imaging in children with epilepsy.
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