Pharmacological treatment and prevention of chronic venous ulcers: a review

Area of Science:

• Vascular Medicine
• Dermatology
• Hematology

Background:

• Chronic venous insufficiency and ulcers are prevalent, lifelong degenerative conditions with significant socioeconomic impact.
• Ulceration is a severe complication of post-thrombotic syndrome, often triggered by minor trauma.
• Post-thrombotic syndrome affects 20-100% of deep vein thrombosis patients, causing disability and reduced quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the current understanding of chronic venous ulcers and post-thrombotic syndrome.
• To evaluate existing and potential therapeutic strategies for chronic venous ulcers.
• To emphasize the role of anticoagulation in preventing venous thromboembolic events and their sequelae.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on chronic venous insufficiency, chronic venous ulcers, and post-thrombotic syndrome.
• Analysis of the efficacy of compression therapy and systemic drugs.
• Discussion of the potential role of extended oral anticoagulation for prevention.

Main Results:

• No universally accepted effective therapies for chronic venous ulcers currently exist.
• Compression therapy with elastic stockings is recognized as beneficial.
• Extended oral anticoagulation is suggested as a potential preventative measure, requiring further investigation.

Conclusions:

• Chronic venous ulcers and post-thrombotic syndrome pose significant challenges in management.
• Adequate anticoagulation management is crucial for preventing recurrent deep vein thrombosis, post-thrombotic syndrome, and chronic venous ulcers.
• Further research into extended oral anticoagulation is warranted for preventative strategies.