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Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm after mitral valve replacement: Review of pseudoaneurysms late after mitral valve

Ekrem Şahan1, Suzan Şahan, Murat Karamanlıoğlu

  • 1Atatürk Pulmonary Disease and Thorax Surgery Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey, ekremsahan@hotmail.com.

Herz
|May 6, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm (LVPA) after mitral valve replacement is rare but life-threatening. Surgical repair is recommended, though conservative management is an option for high-risk patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Cardiac Surgery
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm (LVPA) is a rare complication following mitral valve replacement.
  • It can result from incomplete or delayed rupture, potentially leading to life-threatening pericardial tamponade.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the available literature on left ventricular pseudoaneurysm after mitral valve replacement.
  • To summarize clinical presentations, and treatment options for LVPA.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review was conducted.
  • All reported cases of LVPA post-mitral valve replacement were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • LVPA presents with diverse symptoms including dyspnea, heart failure, chest pain, endocarditis, or pericardial tamponade, but can be asymptomatic.
  • Surgical repair is the primary treatment recommendation.

Conclusions:

  • Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm is a serious, albeit rare, complication of mitral valve replacement.
  • Management involves surgical repair, with conservative follow-up as a secondary option for select patients.

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