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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

329
In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
329
Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

365
Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
365
Drug Toxicity: Risk factors01:24

Drug Toxicity: Risk factors

209
Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are potential complications that arise during pharmacotherapy, influenced by multiple risk factors. Age plays a significant role; both neonates and the elderly are at heightened risk due to their respective immature and diminished metabolic and elimination processes. Gender also impacts ADRs, with females experiencing a 1.5 to 1.7-fold greater risk than males, which may be linked to pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and hormonal differences. Notably, neonates, the...
209
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

333
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
333
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

351
Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
351
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

343
Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
343

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 13, 2026

Comprehensive Protocol to Sample and Process Bone Marrow for Measuring Measurable Residual Disease and Leukemic Stem Cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
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Elderly acute myeloid leukemia: assessing risk.

Heidi D Klepin1

  • 1Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA, hklepin@wakehealth.edu.

Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports
|May 6, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Treating acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in older adults is complex. Patient characteristics like comorbidity and physical function are key to predicting treatment tolerance and improving outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Older adults constitute the majority of newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients.
  • Optimal therapy for older adults with AML remains undefined, posing significant treatment challenges.
  • Older age correlates with increased treatment toxicity and poorer survival in AML patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review risk assessment strategies for older adults undergoing AML treatment.
  • To focus on patient characteristics that predict vulnerability to treatment intolerance.
  • To inform decision-making, clinical trial design, and supportive care interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing data on risk assessment in older adults with AML.
  • Focus on patient-specific characteristics beyond chronological age.

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  • Analysis of how comorbidity and physical function impact treatment outcomes.

    • Main Results:

    • Physiologic aging varies significantly among older patients, impacting treatment tolerance.
    • Patient characteristics like comorbidity and physical function can predict resilience to AML treatment.
    • Tumor biology and patient factors both contribute to outcome disparities.

    Conclusions:

    • Integrating patient characteristics with tumor biology is crucial for personalized AML treatment in older adults.
    • Identifying vulnerable patients can guide supportive care and improve therapeutic decision-making.
    • Further investigation into predictive patient characteristics is essential for optimizing AML management in the elderly.