Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 13, 2026

Author Spotlight: A Novel Protocol for Intracameral Injections to Enhance Precision in Rodent Ophthalmology
06:19

Author Spotlight: A Novel Protocol for Intracameral Injections to Enhance Precision in Rodent Ophthalmology

Published on: May 31, 2024

1.9K

The effect of prophylactic topical antibiotics on bacterial resistance patterns in endophthalmitis following

Philip Storey1,2, Michael Dollin3, Nadim Rayess3

  • 1Mid Atlantic Retina, The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, 840 Walnut Street, Suite 1020, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA. Storey.p@gmail.com.

Graefe'S Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht Von Graefes Archiv Fur Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie
|May 6, 2015
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Prophylactic topical antibiotics after anti-VEGF injections may increase antibiotic-resistant bacteria in endophthalmitis cases. This study found a higher resistance rate when antibiotics were used compared to when they were not.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Intravitreal injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) medications are common for treating retinal diseases.
  • Endophthalmitis is a rare but serious complication following intravitreal injections.
  • The role of prophylactic topical antibiotics in preventing endophthalmitis and its impact on bacterial resistance is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effect of prophylactic topical antibiotics on bacterial resistance patterns in endophthalmitis cases after intravitreal anti-VEGF injections.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case-control study comparing two periods: one with prophylactic topical antibiotic use and one without.
  • Data collected from billing records and infection logs for endophthalmitis cases following intravitreal ranibizumab, bevacizumab, or aflibercept injections.
  • Exclusion of a transition period to ensure distinct prescription practices.

Main Results:

  • During the antibiotic period, 40% of culture-positive endophthalmitis cases showed bacteria resistant to the prescribed antibiotics.
  • During the non-antibiotic period, none of the culture-positive cases exhibited resistance to the antibiotics used.
  • While not statistically significant (p=0.17), the odds ratio suggested a trend towards increased resistance with antibiotic use.

Conclusions:

  • Prophylactic topical antibiotic use following intravitreal injections may be associated with increased rates of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in infectious endophthalmitis.
  • Further research is warranted to confirm these findings and guide optimal prophylactic strategies.
Keywords:
AntibioticsEndophthalmitisIntravitreal injectionProphylaxisResistance

More Related Videos

Intravitreal Injection and Quantitation of Infection Parameters in a Mouse Model of Bacterial Endophthalmitis07:24

Intravitreal Injection and Quantitation of Infection Parameters in a Mouse Model of Bacterial Endophthalmitis

Published on: February 6, 2021

13.4K
Primed Mycobacterial Uveitis PMU as a Model for Post-Infectious Uveitis10:33

Primed Mycobacterial Uveitis PMU as a Model for Post-Infectious Uveitis

Published on: December 17, 2021

3.3K

Related Concept Videos

Microbiome of the Eye01:22

Microbiome of the Eye

The human eye has a specialized microbiota that reflects its unique anatomical and immunological environment. This low-biomass microbial community predominantly colonizes the conjunctiva and eyelid margins, playing a vital role in ocular surface homeostasis and defense. Despite its proximity to the richly colonized facial skin, the ocular surface maintains a distinct microbial profile due to continuous mechanical and biochemical defense mechanisms.The conjunctival surface hosts fewer microbial...
58
Pharmaceutical Alternatives: Stability-Related Therapeutic Nonequivalence01:22

Pharmaceutical Alternatives: Stability-Related Therapeutic Nonequivalence

Generic intravenous (IV) drugs are considered bioequivalent to their branded counterparts due to their 100% bioavailability upon administration. However, variations in stability among different drug products can significantly influence their therapeutic performance, even if they are pharmaceutically equivalent.Cefuroxime, a prophylactic antimicrobial, is often used as a single-dose IV injection for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. A 3 g dose typically provides...
248
Antimicrobial Effectiveness01:28

Antimicrobial Effectiveness

The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...
2.1K
Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems01:23

Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems

Ophthalmic drug delivery faces major limitations due to poor absorption across the corneal membrane. This process is primarily driven by diffusion and is influenced by two main factors: the physicochemical properties of the drug and tear drainage. Most ophthalmic drugs, such as pilocarpine, epinephrine, atropine, and local anesthetics, are weak bases. They are typically formulated at an acidic pH to enhance chemical stability. However, this leads to high ionization, reducing their ability to...
247
Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance01:25

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within...
54
Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism01:27

Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism

Synergism is a useful mechanism where combining two or more drugs is more effective than each constituent used alone. Such combinations are also called supra-additive interactions. The drugs collectively enhance the final therapeutic effect by acting on different targets. Another advantage is that the low dose of each constituent drug is sufficient to achieve the desired effect. This helps reduce the duration of therapy and lower the adverse effects of these drugs.
Such synergistic combinations...
7.9K