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[Q-fever as a cause of myocarditis in childhood]
Insights
Q-fever is more common in Dutch children than previously thought. An infant developed heart inflammation (congestive myocarditis) due to Coxiella burnetii infection, likely from their father
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Cardiology
Background:
- Q-fever (Coxiella burnetii infection) is an emerging zoonotic disease.
- While typically associated with adults, pediatric Q-fever cases may be underdiagnosed.
- Domestic animal exposure and consumption of raw milk are known risk factors.
Observation:
- An 8-month-old infant presented with congestive myocarditis.
- The infant showed seroconversion, indicating infection with Coxiella burnetii.
- The father had recently traveled to Surinam, with significant animal and raw milk exposure.
Findings:
- The infant's Q-fever infection was likely acquired through close contact with the father.
- Congestive myocarditis in infancy can be a manifestation of Q-fever.
- The child's cardiac and general condition improved over 2.5 years, but required ongoing digoxin therapy.
Implications:
- This case highlights the importance of considering Q-fever in pediatric myocarditis.
- Physicians should inquire about potential zoonotic exposures in infants with cardiac symptoms.
- Early diagnosis and management of pediatric Q-fever are crucial for long-term outcomes.
Abstract:
Q-fever occurs in The Netherlands in childhood more often than used to be believed. We treated an 8-month-old infant with congestive myocarditis associated with a seroconversion against Coxiella burnetii. The infection was probably caused by the father, who a few weeks earlier had visited his native Surinam, where he frequently was surrounded by domestic animals and drank raw cow's milk. After 2.5 years the child's general and cardial conditions are good although digoxin therapy is still necessary.