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Isothermic and fixed-intensity heat acclimation methods elicit equal increases in Hsp72 mRNA.

O R Gibson1, J A Mee, L Taylor

  • 1Centre for Sport and Exercise Science and Medicine (SESAME), Welkin Human Performance Laboratories, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, UK.

Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports
|May 7, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Heat acclimation (HA) enhances thermotolerance via heat shock protein-72 (Hsp72). All tested HA methods effectively increase Hsp72 mRNA, indicating cellular adaptation, regardless of intensity or temperature protocols.

Keywords:
Thermoregulationcellular stress responseheat illnessheat shock protein 72heat stresshyperthermiathermotolerance

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Thermoregulation

Background:

  • Thermotolerance is crucial for protection against thermal stress, with heat shock protein-72 (Hsp72) playing a key role.
  • Heat acclimation (HA) is known to induce thermotolerance, but optimal methods for maximizing the heat shock response (HSR) remain unclear.
  • Understanding the HSR is vital for developing effective HA strategies to enhance cellular adaptation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare the effectiveness of different heat acclimation (HA) protocols in eliciting a sustained heat shock response (HSR).
  • To determine if fixed-intensity, continuous isothermic, or progressive isothermic HA methods yield superior increases in Hsp72 mRNA expression.
  • To identify optimal HA strategies for maximizing cellular adaptation and thermotolerance.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-four males participated in short-term HA (STHA) and long-term HA (LTHA) using three distinct protocols: fixed-intensity (FIXED), continuous isothermic (ISOCONT), and progressive isothermic (ISOPROG).
  • Leukocyte Hsp72 mRNA levels were quantified using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) before and after specific time points (Day 1, 5, 10) during HA.
  • The HSR was assessed by measuring changes in Hsp72 mRNA expression across different HA methods and durations.

Main Results:

  • All tested HA methods (FIXED, ISOCONT, ISOPROG) resulted in significant increases in Hsp72 mRNA expression from pre- to post-HA at Day 1, Day 5, and Day 10 (P < 0.05).
  • No statistically significant differences in Hsp72 mRNA increases were observed between the different HA protocols (P > 0.05).
  • The consistent elevation of Hsp72 mRNA suggests that Hsp72 transcription is triggered upon reaching specific endogenous physiological thresholds during HA.

Conclusions:

  • All investigated heat acclimation methods, including fixed-intensity, continuous isothermic, and progressive isothermic protocols, effectively increase Hsp72 mRNA.
  • The findings suggest that various HA approaches can elicit cellular adaptations contributing to thermotolerance.
  • The study indicates that the attainment of sufficient endogenous physiological criteria, rather than the specific HA protocol, may be the primary driver for Hsp72 mRNA transcription.