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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

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Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
351
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

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As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
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Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

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In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

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Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
343

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Acupoint Catgut Embedding Therapy in Traditional Chinese Medicine for Managing Allergic Rhinitis
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Allergy in the geriatric population.

Karen H Calhoun1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Wexner School of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.

Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery
|May 7, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Allergies and asthma are common in older adults, not just children. Prompt diagnosis and treatment, including immunotherapy, significantly improve symptom control and quality of life for seniors.

Area of Science:

  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Allergology
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Allergies and asthma are often mistakenly viewed as pediatric conditions.
  • These respiratory conditions are, however, frequently observed in older adult populations.
  • This review focuses on the diagnosis and management of allergies and asthma in geriatric patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize current findings on diagnosing allergies and asthma in older adults.
  • To review effective treatment strategies for allergies and asthma in the geriatric population.
  • To emphasize the importance of considering these conditions in older patients presenting with relevant symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on allergies and asthma in older adults.

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  • Analysis of diagnostic approaches for sinonasal and dyspnea complaints in the elderly.
  • Evaluation of treatment outcomes, including immunotherapy, for geriatric patients.

    • Main Results:

    • Allergies and asthma are prevalent in older patients.
    • Systematic testing for these conditions leads to improved diagnosis and symptom management.
    • Immunotherapy has demonstrated efficacy in the older adult population.

    Conclusions:

    • Allergies and asthma should be included in the differential diagnosis for sinonasal and dyspnea symptoms in patients of all ages.
    • Diagnosis of allergies and asthma in older adults is achievable.
    • Appropriate management of these conditions substantially enhances the quality of life for older individuals.