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Related Concept Videos

Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders01:20

Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders

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Gastrointestinal or GI motility disorders are characterized by irregular gastrointestinal tract movements, disrupting food transit from the mouth to the anus. They are caused by damage or dysfunction in gut muscles or nerves. These disorders can cause symptoms such as severe constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and swallowing difficulties. Disorders can affect any segment of the GI tract and range widely in severity, from common conditions like GERD to life-threatening conditions like...
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Enteral Nutrition II: Nasointestinal and Gastrostomy Feeding01:15

Enteral Nutrition II: Nasointestinal and Gastrostomy Feeding

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Enteral nutrition encompasses various methods of delivering nutrition directly to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, bypassing traditional oral intake. It is particularly beneficial for patients who cannot eat by mouth but have a functioning digestive system. Key methods include nasointestinal feeding, gastrostomy, and jejunostomy, each suited to different clinical scenarios based on the patient's needs and condition.
Nasointestinal Feeding
Nasointestinal feeding involves placing a tube...
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Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists01:28

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

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Prokinetic agents are specialized medications that stimulate gastrointestinal (GI) motility, promoting food movement through the GI tract. Dopamine, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, plays a significant role in this process, reducing GI motility and indirectly controlling the speed of digestion. Dopamine receptor antagonists, such as metoclopramide and domperidone, offer a unique advantage as prokinetic agents. By blocking the dopamine receptors, these drugs increase GI motility, improving food...
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Gastric Emptying01:16

Gastric Emptying

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Gastric emptying occurs when the stomach gradually releases chyme into the duodenum. When the stomach is distended, it triggers the release of gastrin, a hormone that promotes gastric acid secretion to aid in digestion. Additionally, stomach distension contributes to peristaltic waves that propel gastric contents toward the pyloric region. The gastroenteric reflex, on the other hand, primarily stimulates peristalsis in the intestines, facilitating the movement of contents further along the...
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Gastric Motility01:16

Gastric Motility

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Gastric motility is the coordinated contraction and relaxation of stomach muscles that convert ingested food into chyme, a semi-liquid substance ready for further digestion in the intestines. The process begins with the vagus nerve inducing the relaxation of the smooth muscles in the fundus and body of the stomach, allowing these regions to expand and accommodate up to approximately 1.5 liters of food and liquid.
Peristaltic Waves and Chyme Formation
Upon food entry, the stomach initiates...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

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Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 13, 2026

Video Imaging and Spatiotemporal Maps to Analyze Gastrointestinal Motility in Mice
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Video Imaging and Spatiotemporal Maps to Analyze Gastrointestinal Motility in Mice

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Gastroparesis in children.

Saleem Islam1

  • 1Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.

Current Opinion in Pediatrics
|May 7, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Pediatric gastroparesis, a condition of delayed gastric emptying, is increasingly recognized. Treatment focuses on symptom relief, dietary changes, and advanced therapies for severe cases.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Motility Disorders

Background:

  • Gastroparesis involves delayed gastric emptying without mechanical obstruction.
  • While historically considered an adult disorder, pediatric gastroparesis is gaining recognition.
  • Understanding this condition is crucial for pediatric caregivers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of pediatric gastroparesis.
  • To outline available treatment options for children and adolescents.
  • To emphasize the importance of recognizing and managing this condition.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on gastroparesis in pediatric populations.
  • Analysis of common symptoms, causes, and diagnostic approaches.

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  • Evaluation of established and emerging treatment strategies.

    • Main Results:

    • Gastroparesis commonly presents with nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, bloating, and early satiety.
    • Idiopathic causes are most frequent, followed by diabetes mellitus.
    • The majority of affected patients are female.

    Conclusions:

    • Treatment involves medications for symptom control and improved gastric emptying.
    • Dietary modifications, including small meals and avoiding high-fiber/fat foods, are essential.
    • Refractory cases may require jejunal feeding, botulinum toxin, or surgical interventions.