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HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.

Montserrat Sanmarti1, Laura Ibáñez2, Sonia Huertas3

  • 1Servei de Medicina Interna, Unitat VIH/Sida, Hospital Universitari MútuaTerrassa, Pl.Dr.Robert, 5, 088221 Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain ; Fundació Docència i Recerca MútuaTerrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain.

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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neuropsychological impairment affects HIV+ patients on antiretroviral therapy, impacting quality of life. New diagnostic tools and strategies are needed to address HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders and reduce neurotoxicity.

Keywords:
HANDHIVNeurocognitive disorders

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Neuropsychological impairment significantly reduces quality of life in HIV+ patients, even with effective antiretroviral therapy.
  • HIV establishes itself in the Central Nervous System (CNS) early, causing persistent brain injury despite viral suppression.
  • HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) present a major challenge due to high prevalence and links to increased morbidity and mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the ongoing challenge of neuropsychological impairment in HIV+ patients on antiretroviral therapy.
  • To emphasize the need for improved diagnostic tools and management strategies for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.
  • To underscore the urgency for standardized neurocognitive tests and accessible risk-identification tools.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current understanding of HIV persistence in the CNS.
  • Analysis of advancements in diagnostic tools, including biomarkers and neuroimaging.
  • Discussion on the need for standardized neuropsychological testing.

Main Results:

  • HIV-related brain injury occurs even with effective antiretroviral therapy due to CNS viral persistence.
  • New diagnostic tools, biomarkers, and neuroimaging techniques are emerging for HAND diagnosis.
  • Standardization and simplification of neurocognitive tests are urgently required.

Conclusions:

  • HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders remain a significant clinical challenge impacting patient quality of life.
  • Advancements in diagnostics offer promise, but require standardization and accessibility.
  • Future research must focus on diagnostic refinement and strategies to mitigate HIV neurotoxicity in the CNS.