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Related Concept Videos

Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
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Transcytosis is the process in which molecules are internalized by endocytosis, transported across the cell, and released through exocytosis from the opposite end of the cell. Molecules such as insulin, immunoglobulins, and certain nutrients are transferred through the recycling endosomes by recycling and transcytosis.
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
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Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

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Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
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Updated: Apr 13, 2026

A Protein Microarray Assay for Serological Determination of Antigen-specific Antibody Responses Following Clostridium difficile Infection
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Recurrent C. difficile in a Patient with IgG Deficiency.

Asad Jehangir1, Kyle Bennett1, Shoaib Bilal Fareedy1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Reading Health System, 6th Avenue and Spruce Street, West Reading, PA 19610, USA.

Case Reports in Gastrointestinal Medicine
|May 7, 2015
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Summary

Patients with immunoglobulin G (IgG) deficiency may benefit from immunoglobulin infusions to prevent recurrent Clostridium difficile infections. This treatment can reduce infection incidence and associated healthcare costs.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Recurrent pyogenic infections are often linked to immunoglobulin G (IgG) deficiency.
  • The connection between IgG deficiency and Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is rarely documented.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of recurrent CDI in a patient with underlying IgG deficiency.
  • To explore the potential benefit of immunoglobulin replacement therapy in such cases.

Main Methods:

  • A middle-aged woman with multiple CDI hospitalizations was evaluated.
  • Laboratory tests revealed low total IgG, specifically IgG1 and IgG3 subclasses.
  • The patient received monthly intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) infusions.

Main Results:

  • Following IVIG therapy, the patient remained recurrence-free for one year.
  • This suggests a potential therapeutic role for IVIG in managing recurrent CDI in IgG-deficient individuals.

Conclusions:

  • While controversial, immunoglobulin infusion may be beneficial for patients with IgG deficiency experiencing recurrent CDI.
  • This approach could decrease infection recurrence and reduce healthcare expenditures.