Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 12, 2026

Using Click Chemistry to Measure the Effect of Viral Infection on Host-Cell RNA Synthesis
09:35

Using Click Chemistry to Measure the Effect of Viral Infection on Host-Cell RNA Synthesis

Published on: August 9, 2013

12.4K

Viroporin Activity of the Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Non-Structural 2B Protein

Da Ao1, Hui-Chen Guo2, Shi-Qi Sun2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and OIE/National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China.

Plos One
|May 7, 2015
PubMed

Insights

The foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) 2B protein acts as a viroporin, forming pores in host cells. This pore formation disrupts cell function and is crucial for FMDV infection and replication.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Viroporins are viral proteins forming pores in host cells, crucial for viral replication.
  • The 2B protein of enteroviruses is a known viroporin, but its role in foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is uncharacterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the viroporin activity and cellular functions of the FMDV 2B protein.
  • To determine the role of FMDV 2B protein in the viral infection mechanism.

Main Methods:

  • Bioinformatic analysis of FMDV 2B protein domains.
  • Biochemical, biophysical, and functional studies in bacterial and mammalian cells.
  • Confocal microscopy for protein localization.
  • Inhibition assays using amantadine.

Main Results:

  • FMDV 2B protein possesses two predicted transmembrane regions and exhibits viroporin-like features upon overexpression.
  • The protein localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum, induces cytotoxicity in E. coli, and increases intracellular Ca(2+) levels.
  • FMDV virion release is inhibited by amantadine, and 2B protein forms oligomers, disrupts membrane integrity, and induces autophagy.

Conclusions:

  • The FMDV 2B protein functions as a viroporin, sharing characteristics with other known viroporins.
  • The pore-forming activity of FMDV 2B protein likely contributes to cytopathy and is involved in the FMDV infection cycle.

More Related Videos

Using Reverse Genetics to Manipulate the NSs Gene of the Rift Valley Fever Virus MP-12 Strain to Improve Vaccine Safety and Efficacy09:13

Using Reverse Genetics to Manipulate the NSs Gene of the Rift Valley Fever Virus MP-12 Strain to Improve Vaccine Safety and Efficacy

Published on: November 1, 2011

18.2K
Isolation of Fidelity Variants of RNA Viruses and Characterization of Virus Mutation Frequency18:10

Isolation of Fidelity Variants of RNA Viruses and Characterization of Virus Mutation Frequency

Published on: June 16, 2011

30.2K

Related Concept Videos

Leaky Scanning02:28

Leaky Scanning

During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
5.9K
Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis01:30

Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis

Protein synthesis is indispensable for viral replication, as viruses lack the cellular machinery required for this process and must hijack the host's translational apparatus. In response, host cells deploy a critical innate immune defense involving interferons, specialized cytokines that play a central role in inhibiting viral propagation.Upon viral detection, infected cells release interferons that bind to receptors on adjacent uninfected cells, activating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and...
35
Subviral Agents01:29

Subviral Agents

Subviral agents are infectious entities that resemble viruses but lack one or more viral components, such as a capsid or essential replication machinery. These agents include viroids, prions, and satellites, each possessing distinct structural and functional characteristics that influence their mode of infection and replication.Viroids are the simplest subviral agents, consisting of circular, single-stranded RNA molecules without a protein coat. They exclusively infect plants, relying entirely...
859
Retroviruses02:33

Retroviruses

Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...
16.0K
Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

Viruses with RNA Genomes

RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
1.4K