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Autism Developmental Profiles and Cooperation with Oral Health Screening

Rennan Y Du1, Cynthia C Y Yiu, Virginia C N Wong

  • 1Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
|May 8, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Cooperation in oral health screenings for preschool children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is linked to developmental profiles. Lower cognitive functioning and more challenging behaviors significantly reduce cooperation in ASD screenings.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Dentistry
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Oral health screenings are crucial for early detection of dental issues in children.
  • Preschool children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) present unique challenges for health screenings.
  • Understanding factors influencing cooperation is vital for effective public health initiatives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between autism developmental profiles and cooperation with oral health screenings in preschool children with ASDs.
  • To identify specific developmental characteristics that predict successful participation in oral health surveys.
  • To inform strategies for improving oral health screening feasibility in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 347 preschool children with ASDs from 19 Special Child Care Centres in Hong Kong.
  • Data collection included a checklist of autism developmental profiles: cognitive functioning, social skills, communication skills, reading skills, and challenging behaviors.
  • Logistic regression analysis was used to determine associations with cooperation, controlling for age and gender.

Main Results:

  • Cooperation with oral health screening was significantly associated with cognitive functioning (p=0.001), social skills (p=0.002), communication skills (p<0.001), reading skills (p<0.001), and challenging behaviors (p=0.06).
  • Inability to cooperate was strongly linked to higher levels of challenging behaviors (OR 10.50) and lower cognitive functioning (OR 5.29).
  • Older age (in months) positively correlated with increased cooperation (OR 1.06).

Conclusions:

  • The feasibility of conducting population-wide oral health screenings for preschool children with ASDs is influenced by their developmental profiles.
  • Cognitive functioning and challenging behaviors are key factors impacting cooperation during oral health screenings.
  • Tailored approaches considering individual developmental characteristics are necessary for effective oral health surveillance in children with ASDs.

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