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Asthma-COPD overlap 2015: now we are six.

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Asthma-COPD overlap, affecting about 20% of obstructive airway disease patients, presents significant heterogeneity. Novel multidimensional assessment and treatment approaches are needed to manage its diverse components and improve outcomes.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • The co-occurrence of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is increasingly recognized.
  • This review synthesitsizes current knowledge on asthma-COPD overlap (ACO), focusing on insights, treatment, and research gaps.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the latest findings on asthma-COPD overlap.
  • To identify knowledge gaps and discuss potential treatment strategies for ACO.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature review was conducted.
  • Studies published from 2009 to the present focusing on ACO prevalence, morbidity, and treatment were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Asthma-COPD overlap is prevalent in approximately 20% of patients with obstructive airway diseases.
  • ACO is associated with increased morbidity, comorbidity, and potentially mortality.
  • Heterogeneous airway inflammation patterns (eosinophilic, neutrophilic, mixed) and systemic inflammation are observed in ACO.

Conclusions:

  • Asthma-COPD overlap highlights significant heterogeneity within obstructive airway diseases.
  • Novel approaches, including multidimensional assessment and personalized treatment, are crucial for managing ACO.
  • Further research is required to validate these personalized strategies for ACO.