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Pulmonary brucellosis

M M Lubani1, A R Lulu, G F Araj

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Farwania Hospital, Kuwait.

The Quarterly Journal of Medicine
|April 1, 1989
PubMed

Insights

Pulmonary brucellosis, though rare, presents with fever and cough. This study found various lung abnormalities in nine patients, all successfully treated with antibiotics, showing no relapses.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pulmonology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Pulmonary involvement in brucellosis is uncommon.
  • Brucellosis can manifest with diverse respiratory symptoms and radiographic findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical, radiological, and microbiological features of pulmonary brucellosis.
  • To report on the diagnostic methods and treatment outcomes in patients with lung involvement due to Brucella.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of nine cases of pulmonary brucellosis (five adults, four children).
  • Review of clinical presentations, chest radiography, serological tests (agglutination, ELISA), and blood/pleural fluid cultures.
  • Evaluation of treatment regimens including oxytetracycline, doxycycline, rifampicin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and streptomycin.

Main Results:

  • Common symptoms included fever, cough, and mucopurulent sputum.
  • Radiographic findings varied, including pneumonic patches, consolidation, pleural effusion, lung granuloma, and interstitial pneumonitis.
  • Positive Brucella serology (agglutination titre ≥ 1:320, elevated IgM, IgG, IgA ELISA) and positive cultures (Brucella melitensis) confirmed the diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • Pulmonary brucellosis requires a high index of suspicion, especially in endemic areas.
  • Prompt diagnosis through serology and cultures, followed by appropriate antibiotic therapy, leads to successful outcomes.
  • Antibiotic combinations were effective in treating all patients, with no reported relapses.

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