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Pulmonary brucellosis.

M M Lubani1, A R Lulu, G F Araj

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Farwania Hospital, Kuwait.

The Quarterly Journal of Medicine
|April 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
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Pulmonary brucellosis, though rare, presents with fever and cough. This study found various lung abnormalities in nine patients, all successfully treated with antibiotics, showing no relapses.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pulmonology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Pulmonary involvement in brucellosis is uncommon.
  • Brucellosis can manifest with diverse respiratory symptoms and radiographic findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical, radiological, and microbiological features of pulmonary brucellosis.
  • To report on the diagnostic methods and treatment outcomes in patients with lung involvement due to Brucella.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of nine cases of pulmonary brucellosis (five adults, four children).
  • Review of clinical presentations, chest radiography, serological tests (agglutination, ELISA), and blood/pleural fluid cultures.
  • Evaluation of treatment regimens including oxytetracycline, doxycycline, rifampicin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and streptomycin.

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Main Results:

  • Common symptoms included fever, cough, and mucopurulent sputum.
  • Radiographic findings varied, including pneumonic patches, consolidation, pleural effusion, lung granuloma, and interstitial pneumonitis.
  • Positive Brucella serology (agglutination titre ≥ 1:320, elevated IgM, IgG, IgA ELISA) and positive cultures (Brucella melitensis) confirmed the diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • Pulmonary brucellosis requires a high index of suspicion, especially in endemic areas.
  • Prompt diagnosis through serology and cultures, followed by appropriate antibiotic therapy, leads to successful outcomes.
  • Antibiotic combinations were effective in treating all patients, with no reported relapses.