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Association of prematurity with the development of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis

Christopher M Stark1, Philip L Rogers2, Matthew D Eberly3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland.

Pediatric Research
|May 8, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Prematurity is a risk factor for infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS). Premature infants present with IHPS at a later chronological age but earlier postmenstrual age than full-term infants.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Neonatology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is a common surgical condition in infants.
  • Known risk factors for IHPS exist, but the association with prematurity and presentation timeline require further definition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between prematurity and IHPS.
  • To analyze the age at presentation for IHPS in preterm versus full-term infants.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cohort study included 1,074,236 children born between June 2001 and April 2012.
  • IHPS cases and gestational ages were identified using billing codes.
  • Multivariable logistic regression controlled for additional IHPS risk factors.

Main Results:

  • The incidence of IHPS was higher in preterm infants (2.99 per 1,000) compared to full-term infants (2.25 per 1,000), with a relative risk of 1.33.
  • Prematurity was independently associated with IHPS (adjusted odds ratio = 1.26).
  • Preterm infants presented at a later chronological age (median 40 days) but earlier postmenstrual age (median 42 weeks) compared to term infants.

Conclusions:

  • Prematurity is confirmed as a significant risk factor for IHPS.
  • Clinical awareness for IHPS should be heightened in premature infants due to altered presentation timelines.
  • Understanding these differences is crucial for timely diagnosis and management of IHPS in vulnerable populations.
Abstract

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