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Updated: Apr 12, 2026

A Multicenter MRI Protocol for the Evaluation and Quantification of Deep Vein Thrombosis
Published on: June 2, 2015
MR Imaging of Thoracic Veins
Gisela C Mueller1, Jimmy C Lu2, Maryam Ghadimi Mahani3
1Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2713, USA.
Abstract:
MR imaging of thoracic veins is performed to evaluate the heart and thoracic vasculature. The protocol can be customized to the clinical question. In the embryo, systemic and pulmonary vein development is closely related to heart development. Congenital anomalies of the thoracic veins are strongly associated with other cardiac and situs abnormalities. Acquired venous abnormalities are often iatrogenic, or secondary to malignancy. This article discusses development and anatomy of the thoracic venous systems, clinical MR imaging methods for their evaluation, and illustrates the MR imaging appearance of congenital and acquired abnormalities of systemic thoracic veins, coronary sinus, and pulmonary veins.
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