Evaluation of total oxidant and antioxidant status in dogs under different CO2 pneumoperitoneum conditions

The induction of the pneumoperitoneum increases intraabdominal pressure (IAP), causing splanchnic ischemia, whereas its deflation normalizes IAP and splanchnic blood flow. We investigated the oxidant-antioxidant status of dogs who underwent low pressure (7 mm Hg), standard pressure (12 mm Hg), and high pressure (15 mm Hg) pneumoperitoneum.

Twenty-four beagle dogs (12 males and 12 females), 4-6 years old, weighing 8-11 kg were used. The animals were assigned to one of four groups (n = 6 dogs). Group 1 served as a control; these animals received only anaesthesia for 90 min. In groups 2, 3 and 4, intra-abdominal pressure was increased to 7, 12 and 15 mmHg, respectively, and maintained for 60 min. Total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were determined in venous blood samples. The percentage ratio of TOS to TAS provided an oxidative stress index (OSI). No significant difference in TOS levels was found among the groups. A significant decrease in TAS levels and an increase in OSI levels were observed at 90 min and 24 h of pneumoperitoneum deflation within group 4. No differences were found among the groups.

A high pressure pneumoperitoneum induced significant changes in TAS and OSI. In addition, TOS and TAS levels are useful markers for evaluating changes in the oxidative status caused by a pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopy. Furthermore, a low-pressure pneumoperitoneum could attenuate oxidative stress induced by CO2 insufflation in dogs.