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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
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The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 12, 2026

High-throughput Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Determining Expression Profiles of Types I and III Interferon Subtypes
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Type I interferons regulate eomesodermin expression and the development of unconventional memory CD8(+) T cells.

Valérie Martinet1, Sandrine Tonon1, David Torres1

  • 1WELBIO and Institute for Medical Immunology (IMI), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies 6041, Belgium.

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Type I interferons promote the development of memory-like CD8(+) T cells by activating Eomesodermin (Eomes). This pathway is crucial for the function and expansion of these cells, even without direct antigen exposure.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cellular Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • CD8(+) T-cell memory is typically acquired after antigen exposure.
  • Unconventional memory-like T cells can develop without antigenic stimulation.
  • Eomesodermin (Eomes) is a critical transcription factor for these unconventional cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of type I interferon signaling in the development of memory-like CD8(+) T cells.
  • To determine the mechanism by which type I interferons regulate Eomes expression and T-cell function.
  • To elucidate the impact of type I interferons on 'virtual memory' and 'innate thymic' CD8(+) T cells.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of CD8(+) T-cell phenotype and function.
  • Gene expression studies focusing on Eomesodermin (Eomes).
  • Investigation of type I interferon signaling pathways in T cells.

Main Results:

  • Type I interferon signaling directly activates Eomes gene expression in CD8(+) T cells.
  • Absence of type I interferon signaling impacts the phenotype, function, and expansion of 'virtual memory' CD8(+) T cells.
  • Type I interferons drive Eomes-dependent expansion of 'virtual memory' CD8(+) T cells and are essential for 'innate thymic' CD8(+) T-cell development.

Conclusions:

  • Type I interferon signaling is a key regulator of Eomes expression in CD8(+) T cells.
  • This pathway governs the function and homeostasis of memory-like CD8(+) T cells, including 'virtual memory' and 'innate thymic' populations.
  • Type I interferons promote the development and expansion of these T cells independently of direct antigen encounter.