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Games among relatives revisited.

Benjamin Allen1, Martin A Nowak2

  • 1Department of Mathematics, Emmanuel College, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Center for Mathematical Sciences and Applications, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States; Program for Evolutionary Dynamics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sibling assortment promotes cooperation in social dilemmas like the Prisoner's Dilemma. However, this effect is not universal across all evolutionary games, with inclusive fitness offering limited insights for general scenarios.

Keywords:
Evolutionary game theoryFamily structureFixation probabilityInclusive fitnessKin selection

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Game theory
  • Population genetics

Background:

  • Social behavior evolution is often studied in structured populations.
  • Assortment, or non-random interaction, can influence cooperation.
  • Previous models focused on spatial structure, with varied outcomes for assortment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model the evolution of social behavior in family-structured populations.
  • To investigate the role of sibling assortment (relatedness) in evolutionary games.
  • To compare gene frequency analysis with inclusive fitness theory.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a simple model of frequency-dependent selection in finite populations.
  • Incorporated an assortment parameter (r) representing sibling interaction frequency.
  • Analyzed evolutionary dynamics using gene frequency change calculations and inclusive fitness.

Main Results:

  • Sibling assortment promotes cooperation in stringent social dilemmas (e.g., Prisoner's Dilemma).
  • The positive effect of assortment on cooperation is context-dependent and not guaranteed for all games.
  • Inclusive fitness theory is not applicable to general evolutionary games and provides less information than direct analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Family structure and sibling assortment can be key drivers of cooperation.
  • The conditions under which assortment favors cooperation are specific to the game's structure.
  • Direct gene frequency analysis is a more robust method than inclusive fitness for these models.