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Economic evaluation of screening programs for hepatitis C virus infection: evidence from literature

Silvia Coretti1, Federica Romano1, Valentina Orlando2

  • 1Post-Graduate School of Economics and Management (ALTEMS), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.

Risk Management and Healthcare Policy
|May 12, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Hepatitis C screening programs are a cost-effective strategy for managing the liver infection. Early detection can prevent serious chronic conditions and improve patient outcomes, especially in the long term.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Public Health
  • Health Economics

Background:

  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection affects over 185 million globally, causing cirrhosis and liver cancer.
  • Annual mortality from HCV is estimated at 350,000 deaths worldwide.
  • Effective treatments exist, highlighting the value of early detection programs to improve prognosis and reduce healthcare costs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and summarize the existing evidence on the cost-effectiveness of hepatitis C screening programs.
  • To provide insights into the economic value of early detection strategies for HCV.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed and Scopus.
  • Reports from major Health Technology Assessment (HTA) agencies were identified via the Trip database.
  • Study selection and data extraction were performed by three independent reviewers to ensure rigor.

Main Results:

  • Ten studies met the inclusion criteria for the review.
  • Cost-effectiveness for general risk asymptomatic cohorts ranged from $4,200 to $50,000/quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained.
  • For specific risk factors, incremental cost-effectiveness ratios varied from $848 to $128,424/QALY gained, with age and prevalence as key drivers.

Conclusions:

  • Hepatitis C screening programs are a cost-effective management strategy, particularly when considered over the long term.
  • Early detection through screening can lead to significant public health benefits and resource savings.
  • The findings support the implementation and expansion of HCV screening initiatives.
Abstract

Keywords:
cost-effectivenessearly detectionhepatitis Cscreening

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