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Related Concept Videos

Pericarditis I: Introduction01:22

Pericarditis I: Introduction

683
Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...
683
Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:19

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

566
Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...
566
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

955
Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
955
Pericarditis III: Medical Management01:17

Pericarditis III: Medical Management

549
The primary objectives of managing pericarditis are to determine the underlying cause, provide effective therapy for treatment and symptom relief, and promptly detect signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade. The following outlines the essential aspects of medical management for pericarditis:ObjectivesDetermine the Cause: Identifying the underlying cause of pericarditis is crucial for targeted treatment. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune diseases, post-cardiac injury syndrome, and...
549
Pericarditis IV: Nursing Management01:25

Pericarditis IV: Nursing Management

580
Pericarditis, an inflammation of the pericardium, necessitates diligent nursing management to ensure effective patient care and recovery. The initial step in managing pericarditis is a comprehensive patient medical assessment.The patient reports chest pain aggravated by breathing, coughing, and swallowing, which worsens when lying supine. The pain often improves when sitting up and leaning forward. Additional symptoms may include fever, malaise, and, in severe cases, signs of heart failure.
580
Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

1.1K
The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
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Chronic GvHD-associated serositis and pericarditis.

J T Leonard1, L F Newell1, G Meyers1

  • 1Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Blood & Marrow Transplant Program, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.

Bone Marrow Transplantation
|May 12, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Serositis, a rare chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGvHD) complication, often occurs during immunosuppressant taper. Key biomarkers include decreased albumin and increased monocytes, with steroids showing treatment efficacy.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Immunology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Serositis is an uncommon manifestation of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGvHD).
  • Limited data exist on risk factors, laboratory changes, and outcomes for cGvHD-associated serositis.
  • This study investigates a cohort of patients with cGvHD-related serositis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors and laboratory changes associated with cGvHD-serositis.
  • To describe the outcomes of patients with cGvHD-serositis.
  • To characterize serositis in the context of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of institutional database for patients with cGvHD-associated serositis or pericarditis post-allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant.
  • Analysis of laboratory data (pre-diagnosis, diagnosis, post-diagnosis) and outcomes of invasive procedures.
  • Evaluation of treatment response, particularly to steroids.

Main Results:

  • Twenty patients met criteria for cGvHD-serositis; most had prior cGvHD diagnosis and occurred during immunosuppressant taper.
  • Ten patients required invasive interventions; a significant increase in monocytes and decrease in albumin were noted at diagnosis.
  • Seventeen patients received steroids, with 12 achieving a complete response.

Conclusions:

  • cGvHD-associated serositis predominantly occurs in patients with treated, not de novo, cGvHD.
  • Biomarkers include decreased serum albumin and increased absolute monocyte count.
  • Further research with larger series is needed to optimize management strategies for this rare complication.