Antineuronal autoantibodies in neurological disorders

Autoantibodies (abs) related to neurological disease are currently classified into two large groups depending on the site of the respective target antigen: Group I encompasses abs that recognise intracellular antigens (Hu, Yo, Ri, CV2/CRMP5, amphiphysin, Ma2, SOX, ZIC, GAD, adenylate kinase 5, homer 3), whereas group II abs are targeted against neuronal cell membrane antigens (VGKC, AMPA-R, GABAB-R, NMDA-R, Glycine-R, VGCC, metabotropic GluR1). Both abs groups can be further subdivided according to their diagnostic impact for paraneoplastic or non-paraneoplastic neurological disease. The review gives an overview of the common characteristics of each group and provides more detailed information on single abs and the associated clinical syndromes.