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A gene-expression-based neural code for food abundance that modulates lifespan.

Eugeni V Entchev1, Dhaval S Patel1, Mei Zhan2

  • 1MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.

Elife
|May 13, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Scientists discovered a neural code for food abundance in the nervous system. This code uses gene expression in specific neurons to process food availability, influencing lifespan.

Keywords:
C. elegansdietary restrictionexpression variabilitygene regulationneural circuitneural codeneuroscience

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The nervous system's internal representation of external food availability is not well understood.
  • Gene expression in neurons plays a role in processing environmental cues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate how the nervous system encodes information about food abundance.
  • To investigate the roles of TGFβ and serotonin pathways in this neural code.

Main Methods:

  • Studied gene expression patterns in Caenorhabditis elegans.
  • Analyzed the interplay between TGFβ (daf-7) and serotonin (tph-1) pathways.
  • Investigated the impact of mutations on gene expression and lifespan.

Main Results:

  • Food abundance is encoded by combinatorial, neuron-specific gene expression of TGFβ and serotonin pathway components.
  • Crosstalk and auto-regulation between these pathways modulate gene expression responses.
  • daf-7 regulates gene expression variability, while tph-1 regulates dynamic range, tuning the accuracy of the neural code.
  • Mutations in daf-7 and tph-1 alter food level-dependent lifespan changes.

Conclusions:

  • Revealed a novel neural code for food abundance based on gene expression.
  • Demonstrated that gene expression acts as an information processing layer in the nervous system.
  • Highlighted the distinct roles of TGFβ and serotonin signaling in regulating this code and its physiological output (lifespan).