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Related Concept Videos

Transformers in Distribution System01:27

Transformers in Distribution System

636
Transformers in distribution systems can be broadly categorized into distribution substation transformers and other distribution transformers. They are crucial for stepping down high transmission voltages to levels suitable for distribution and end-user applications.
Distribution substation transformers come in various ratings and typically use mineral oil for insulation and cooling. To prevent moisture and air from entering the oil, some transformers use an inert gas like nitrogen to fill the...
636
Transformers with Off-Nominal Turns Ratios01:25

Transformers with Off-Nominal Turns Ratios

686
In scenarios involving parallel transformers with disparate ratings, developing per-unit models requires accommodating off-nominal turns ratios. This situation arises when the selected base voltages are not proportional to the transformer’s voltage ratings. Consider a transformer where the rated voltages are related by the term a. If the chosen voltage bases satisfy a relationship involving term b, term c is defined as the ratio of these bases. This ratio is then substituted into the...
686
Transformers01:26

Transformers

2.3K
A device that transforms voltages from one value to another using induction is called a transformer. A transformer consists of two separate coils, or windings, wrapped around the same soft iron core. However, they are electrically insulated from each other.
The iron core has a substantial relative permeability. Therefore, the magnetic field lines generated due to the current in one winding are almost entirely confined within the core, such that the same magnetic flux permeates each turn of both...
2.3K
Types Of Transformers01:16

Types Of Transformers

1.8K
Transformers can provide desired voltages to a circuit by modifying the number of turns in the secondary windings.
If the ratio of the number of turns in the secondary winding to that of the primary winding is greater than one, then the transformer is said to be a step-up transformer. In a step-up transformer, the voltage at the secondary winding is greater than the voltage applied at the primary winding.
However, if this ratio is less than one, the transformer is said to be a step-down...
1.8K
Energy Losses in Transformers01:21

Energy Losses in Transformers

1.5K
In an ideal transformer, it is assumed that there are no energy losses, and, hence, all the power at the primary winding is transferred to the secondary winding. However, in reality,  the transformers always have some energy losses, and, hence, the output power obtained at the secondary winding is less than the input power at the primary winding due to energy losses.
There are four main reasons for energy losses in transformers.
The first cause can be  the high resistance of the...
1.5K
The Ideal Transformer01:26

The Ideal Transformer

1.6K
In single-phase two-winding transformers, two windings are coiled around a magnetic core characterized by cross-sectional area A and magnetic permeability μ. A phasor current i1 enters the left winding while i2 exits the right winding, establishing the fundamental working of the transformer through electromagnetic principles.
Ampere's Law forms the basis of understanding the magnetic field within the transformer. It states that the integral of the magnetic field intensity's tangential...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 12, 2026

A Swin Transformer-Based Model for Thyroid Nodule Detection in Ultrasound Images
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A Swin Transformer-Based Model for Thyroid Nodule Detection in Ultrasound Images

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Visualizing Trumps Vision in Training Attention.

Robert M G Reinhart1, Laura J McClenahan1, Geoffrey F Woodman2

  • 1Department of Psychology, Center for Integrative and Cognitive Neuroscience, and Vanderbilt Vision Research Center, Vanderbilt University.

Psychological Science
|May 13, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mental imagery training enhances visual search performance by improving attentional focus. This imagined practice leads to superior attention control compared to actual visual search practice.

Keywords:
event-related potentialslearningmental imageryopen materialsperceptionvisual attentionvisual search

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Visual attention research

Background:

  • Mental imagery is known to influence behavior, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear.
  • Previous research suggests mental practice can enhance performance, but its effectiveness relative to actual practice needs further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effectiveness of mental imagery in training visual search and attentional selection.
  • To explore the neural basis of imagery-induced training effects on attention.
  • To examine the potential downsides of mental imagery training, such as proactive interference.

Main Methods:

  • Participants underwent single instances of mental imagery or actual practice for a visual search task.
  • Brain activity was recorded using electroencephalography (EEG) during the tasks.
  • Target changes were introduced to assess interference effects after training.

Main Results:

  • A single instance of mental imagery improved attentional selection more than actual visual practice.
  • Imagery-induced training enhanced the focus of perceptual attention on targets.
  • Mental imagery training led to greater interference when targets were changed compared to actual practice.
  • Proactive interference from irrelevant visual stimuli contributed to the superiority of imagined training.

Conclusions:

  • Visual attention mechanisms can be effectively trained through mental imagery, even without visual input.
  • Imagined training offers superior control over attention compared to practicing the task itself.
  • The findings highlight the potent effects and potential interference patterns associated with mental imagery in attention training.