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Related Concept Videos

Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders01:20

Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders

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Gastrointestinal or GI motility disorders are characterized by irregular gastrointestinal tract movements, disrupting food transit from the mouth to the anus. They are caused by damage or dysfunction in gut muscles or nerves. These disorders can cause symptoms such as severe constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and swallowing difficulties. Disorders can affect any segment of the GI tract and range widely in severity, from common conditions like GERD to life-threatening conditions like...
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Gastric Motility01:16

Gastric Motility

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Gastric motility is the coordinated contraction and relaxation of stomach muscles that convert ingested food into chyme, a semi-liquid substance ready for further digestion in the intestines. The process begins with the vagus nerve inducing the relaxation of the smooth muscles in the fundus and body of the stomach, allowing these regions to expand and accommodate up to approximately 1.5 liters of food and liquid.
Peristaltic Waves and Chyme Formation
Upon food entry, the stomach initiates...
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Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists01:28

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

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Prokinetic agents are specialized medications that stimulate gastrointestinal (GI) motility, promoting food movement through the GI tract. Dopamine, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, plays a significant role in this process, reducing GI motility and indirectly controlling the speed of digestion. Dopamine receptor antagonists, such as metoclopramide and domperidone, offer a unique advantage as prokinetic agents. By blocking the dopamine receptors, these drugs increase GI motility, improving food...
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Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction01:30

Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction

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Esophageal strictures involve abnormal narrowing or tightening of the esophagus. They vary in length and severity, ranging from mild constriction to complete obstruction, and are classified as benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...
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Other Disorders of Digestive System01:30

Other Disorders of Digestive System

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The gastrointestinal tract is susceptible to various disorders. If the lower esophageal sphincter is damaged, stomach acid can flow back into the esophagus, causing irritation and inflammation of the lining. This condition is called gastroesophageal reflux disease (known as heartburn) and may cause chest pain and difficulty swallowing. In the stomach, prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin, chronic alcohol consumption, bacterial infections such as Helicobacter...
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Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists01:23

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists

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Serotonin, a crucial neurotransmitter synthesized by enterochromaffin cells, plays a cardinal role in regulating gastrointestinal (GI) motility. With over 90% of the body's total serotonin in the GI tract, its influence on digestive processes is profound. Serotonin is swiftly released upon various stimuli, such as food boluses or certain drugs, triggering intrinsic sensory neurons in the myenteric plexus and extrinsic vagal and spinal sensory neurons. This leads to the activation of the...
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Updated: Apr 12, 2026

Robotic Myotomy and Partial Fundoplication for Achalasia
11:19

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Esophageal motility disorders.

Steven P Bowers1

  • 1Mayo Clinic Florida, Department of Surgery, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.

The Surgical Clinics of North America
|May 13, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High-resolution esophageal manometry and the Chicago Classification enhance diagnosis of esophageal motility disorders. New criteria impact surgical decisions for conditions like achalasia and fundoplication.

Keywords:
AchalasiaEsophageal motilityFundoplicationHigh-resolution manometryPeristalsisSpastic motility disorder

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Esophageal motility disorders present diagnostic challenges.
  • Advancements in diagnostic tools are crucial for effective patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the impact of high-resolution esophageal manometry and the Chicago Classification on diagnosing esophageal motility disorders.
  • To discuss the implications of new diagnostic criteria for foregut surgeons, particularly in fundoplication and achalasia treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of diagnostic advancements in esophageal manometry.
  • Analysis of the Chicago Classification's role in defining esophageal motility disorders.
  • Discussion of clinical implications for surgical interventions.

Main Results:

  • High-resolution esophageal manometry and the Chicago Classification provide enhanced diagnostic capabilities.
  • New diagnostic criteria have been established for both hypomotility and hypercontractility disorders.
  • These advancements offer clearer diagnostic benchmarks for surgical decision-making.

Conclusions:

  • The integration of advanced manometry and classification systems significantly improves the diagnosis of esophageal motility disorders.
  • Updated criteria refine surgical approaches, potentially expanding surgical options for conditions like achalasia.
  • Foregut surgeons benefit from precise diagnostic information for optimizing patient care and surgical outcomes.