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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

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Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin,...
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Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

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Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
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Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

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Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
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Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

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Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial...
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Antibody Structure01:10

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Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
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Cracking the egg: An insight into egg hypersensitivity.

Pathum Dhanapala1, Chamika De Silva2, Tim Doran3

  • 1NeuroAllergy Research Laboratory (NARL), School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Geelong 3216, Australia; Australian Animal Health Laboratory (AAHL), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), 5 Portarlington Road, East Geelong 3219, Victoria, Australia; Poultry CRC, PO Box U242, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia.

Molecular Immunology
|May 13, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chicken egg allergy affects 1-2% of children globally, triggered by egg white and yolk allergens. Current management involves strict avoidance, as no permanent cure exists for this common food hypersensitivity.

Keywords:
AllergyEgg allergensEgg white allergyEgg yolk allergyHypersensitivity

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Egg allergy is the second most common childhood food allergy, impacting 1-2% of children worldwide.
  • Reactions are primarily caused by egg white allergens (ovomucoid, ovalbumin, ovotransferrin, lysozyme) but may involve egg yolk allergens (chicken serum albumin, YGP42).
  • Symptoms range from atopic dermatitis and asthma to severe anaphylaxis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of egg allergy.
  • To discuss the mechanisms, allergens, prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment of egg allergy.
  • To highlight the importance of understanding both egg white and egg yolk allergies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on egg allergy.
  • Analysis of identified egg allergens and their roles in hypersensitivity reactions.
  • Discussion of current diagnostic and management strategies.

Main Results:

  • Identified key allergens in both egg white and yolk responsible for allergic reactions.
  • Detailed the spectrum of clinical manifestations associated with egg allergy.
  • Emphasized the challenges in complete dietary avoidance of eggs.

Conclusions:

  • Egg allergy is a significant health concern with diverse clinical presentations.
  • Further understanding of egg allergens and immune responses is crucial for developing effective therapies.
  • Current management relies on strict avoidance, necessitating improved diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.