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Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, non-sugar sweetened beverages, and their substitution and risk of type 2 diabetes: the HELIUS study.

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Ethnic differences in arterial stiffness the Helius study.

Marieke B Snijder1, Karien Stronks1, Charles Agyemang1

  • 1Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

International Journal of Cardiology
|May 13, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Ethnic differences in arterial stiffness (PWV) are linked to cardiovascular risk. These differences diminish when adjusting for risk factors like age and MAP, suggesting risk factors drive higher PWV in certain ethnic groups.

Keywords:
Arterial stiffnessArteriographCardiovascular riskEthnicityHELIUS studyPWV

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Vascular Biology
  • Ethnic Health Disparities

Background:

  • Ethnic variations in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk are well-documented.
  • Arterial stiffness, a predictor of CVD, may underlie these ethnic disparities.
  • Understanding ethnic differences in arterial stiffness is crucial for targeted CVD prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess ethnic variations in arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity, PWV).
  • To determine if conventional cardiovascular risk factors account for these ethnic differences.
  • To investigate if age modifies ethnic differences in arterial stiffness.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional analysis of the HELIUS study cohort (N=7000+).
  • Inclusion of diverse ethnic groups: Dutch, South-Asian Surinamese, African Surinamese, and Ghanaian participants (aged 18-70).
  • Measurement of arterial stiffness using pulse wave velocity (PWV) with the Arteriograph system.

Main Results:

  • South-Asian Surinamese exhibited higher PWV than Dutch participants, largely explained by age and mean arterial pressure (MAP).
  • African Surinamese and Ghanaians showed higher PWV across all ages compared to Dutch, with differences diminishing after risk factor adjustment.
  • Ethnic differences in PWV were not observed in younger individuals (<35 years).

Conclusions:

  • Arterial stiffness (PWV) levels reflect known ethnic patterns of cardiovascular risk.
  • Adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors significantly reduces or eliminates ethnic differences in PWV.
  • The findings support the hypothesis that increased exposure to cardiovascular risk factors contributes to higher PWV in South-Asian and African ethnic groups, particularly with increasing age.