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Related Concept Videos

Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System01:15

Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System

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The limbic system, often called the "emotional brain," is a complex set of structures located deep within the brain. The intricate network of the limbic system supports a wide range of psychological functions, from emotional regulation to memory formation and sensory processing. This functional brain region encompasses specific parts of the diencephalon and the cerebrum, integrating the higher mental functions of the cerebral cortex with the primitive emotional responses of the deep brain...
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Organization of the Brain01:30

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The brain is an integral component of the nervous system and serves as the center for processing sensory inputs, making decisions, and directing bodily actions. This complex organ is organized into three primary sections: the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain, each responsible for a range of vital functions.
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Working Memory01:24

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Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
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Reason and Intuition01:37

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The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
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High-Level and Low-Level Awareness01:19

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Controlled processes in human consciousness represent high-alert mental states where individuals deliberately focus their attention on achieving specific goals. Controlled processes can be seen in situations like mastering new technology, where a person might become so absorbed that they ignore surrounding distractions. Such processes involve selective attention, requiring one to concentrate on particular elements of experience while disregarding others. These are governed by executive...
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Lobes of the Cerebrum01:22

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The cerebral cortex, a critical structure of the brain, is intricately divided into two hemispheres, each consisting of four distinct lobes: occipital, temporal, frontal, and parietal. These lobes function cooperatively to regulate various cognitive and sensory functions, forming the basis of our complex neural capabilities.
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[Event-Related Potentials Accompanying Processing Referentially Ambiguous Pronouns in Russian].

Zhurnal vysshei nervnoi deiatelnosti imeni I P Pavlova·2019
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 12, 2026

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
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[The brain executive systems].

R I Machinskaya

    Zhurnal Vysshei Nervnoi Deiatelnosti Imeni I P Pavlova
    |May 14, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    The prefrontal cortex, through its distinct regions, regulates goal-directed behavior. This complex function relies on interconnected networks involving various brain structures for executive functions.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Cognitive Neuroscience
    • Neuroanatomy

    Context:

    • The prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays a crucial role in executive functions.
    • Understanding the specific contributions of PFC subregions to behavior is essential.

    Purpose:

    • To elucidate the specific involvement of different prefrontal cortex (PFC) parts in regulating goal-directed behavior.
    • To map the functional networks underlying executive functions.

    Summary:

    • Neuromorphological, neurophysiological, neurocognitive, and neuropsychological data reveal that lateral, medial, orbital, and rostral PFC regions are specifically involved in organizing goal-directed behavior.
    • Functional specialization of PFC areas is contingent upon their interaction with posterior associative cortices and subcortical structures (mediodorsal thalamus, hippocampus, amygdala, basal ganglia).

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  • Distinct cortical and subcortical structures form functional networks essential for various aspects of the brain's executive functions.

    • Impact:

    • Provides a detailed understanding of the neural basis of executive functions.
    • Highlights the interconnectedness of brain regions in complex cognitive processes.
    • Offers insights into potential targets for interventions in neurological and psychiatric disorders affecting executive function.