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Pleural Disorders: Types and Brief Description01:30

Pleural Disorders: Types and Brief Description

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The pleura is a vital part of the respiratory system. It's a double-layered membrane surrounding the lungs and lining the chest cavity. The two layers of the pleura are:
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Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 12, 2026

Implantation and Monitoring by PET/CT of an Orthotopic Model of Human Pleural Mesothelioma in Athymic Mice
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Implantation and Monitoring by PET/CT of an Orthotopic Model of Human Pleural Mesothelioma in Athymic Mice

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Mesothelioma treatment.

Bárbara Parente1

  • 1Pneumologista, Serviço de Pneumologia. Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia.

Revista Portuguesa De Pneumologia
|May 14, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a fatal cancer linked to asbestos exposure. Pemetrexed combined with cisplatin shows activity, offering hope for improved survival in this aggressive tumor.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pulmonology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive, often fatal tumor with increasing incidence globally.
  • Historical asbestos use, particularly in the 1960s/1970s, is a primary etiological factor.
  • Projected deaths from MM exceed 250,000 in the next 35 years, with Portugal reporting an incidence of 1.2/1,000,000/year.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current therapeutic landscape for malignant mesothelioma.
  • To highlight advancements in chemotherapy for MM.
  • To emphasize the importance of timely treatment for improving patient survival.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent therapeutic strategies for malignant mesothelioma.
  • Analysis of chemotherapy efficacy, particularly antifolates.
Keywords:
Malignant pleural mesotheliomaMesotelioma pleural malignochemotherapypemetrexedquimioterapiatratamentotreatment

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  • Discussion of treatment sequencing, including first and second-line options.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant improvements in median survival or progression time were previously achieved with new therapies.
    • Antifolates, specifically pemetrexed in combination with cisplatin, have demonstrated activity in MM treatment.
    • Chemotherapy, initiated promptly, and effective second-line treatments are crucial for survival.

    Conclusions:

    • Pemetrexed plus cisplatin represents a significant advancement in MM chemotherapy.
    • Early chemotherapy intervention and strategic second-line treatments are vital for managing this fatal malignancy.
    • Continued research and timely application of effective therapies are essential for improving outcomes in malignant mesothelioma patients.