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Related Concept Videos

Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

4.2K
A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
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Thermal Strain01:19

Thermal Strain

3.2K
Thermal strain is a concept that arises when we consider how temperature changes affect structures. Unlike the conventional assumption that structures remain constant under load, real-world scenarios often involve temperature fluctuations that can significantly impact these structures. Consider a homogeneous rod with a uniform cross-section resting freely on a flat horizontal surface. If the rod's temperature increases, the rod elongates. This elongation is proportional to the temperature...
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Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview01:09

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview

7.6K
When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...
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IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

3.5K
There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
3.5K
Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature01:27

Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature

1.2K
Atomization, converting samples into gas-phase atoms and ions, is essential for atomic spectroscopy. The flame temperature required for atomization affects the efficiency of the atomic spectroscopic methods by increasing the atomization efficiency and the relative population of the excited and ground states.
At thermal equilibrium, the relative populations of excited and ground state atoms can be estimated using the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution. For example, an increase in temperature...
1.2K
Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature01:13

Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature

2.1K
Body temperature can be assessed using various devices and measured in Celsius or Fahrenheit.
Glass-bulb Thermometer:
Glass-bulb thermometers are hollow glass tubes with a bulb tip containing liquid such as ethanol or mercury. Historically, glass bulb mercury thermometers were the standard device to measure body temperature. Today, mercury thermometers are prohibited in many countries due to the hazardous effects of mercury and the risk of exposure if the glass bulb breaks. In general,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 12, 2026

A Silicon-tipped Fiber-optic Sensing Platform with High Resolution and Fast Response
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A Silicon-tipped Fiber-optic Sensing Platform with High Resolution and Fast Response

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V-groove all-fiber core-cladding intermodal interferometer for high-temperature sensing.

Zhen Yin, Youfu Geng, Xuejin Li

    Applied Optics
    |May 14, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Novel fiber optic interferometers with V-groove structures show high temperature sensitivity. These devices, based on Mach-Zehnder and Michelson designs, offer practical applications for temperature sensing.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Optical Engineering
    • Fiber Optic Sensors
    • Interferometry

    Background:

    • Fiber optic sensors are crucial for various sensing applications.
    • Intermodal interferometers offer unique sensing capabilities.
    • High-order cladding mode excitation is key for enhanced sensitivity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce novel V-groove all-fiber core-cladding intermodal interferometers.
    • To investigate their performance as temperature sensors.
    • To compare Mach-Zehnder and Michelson configurations.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of V-groove structures on standard single-mode fiber using CO2 laser irradiation.
    • Excitation of high-order cladding modes within the V-groove.
    • Monitoring wavelength shifts in the interference spectrum to detect temperature changes.

    Main Results:

    • Both Mach-Zehnder and Michelson type interferometers demonstrated high temperature sensitivity.
    • The sensitivity arises from the differential thermal expansion of the fiber core and cladding modes.
    • Michelson interferometers were found to be more compact and versatile than Mach-Zehnder types.

    Conclusions:

    • V-groove fiber interferometers are effective for high-sensitivity temperature sensing.
    • The design allows for excitation of high-order cladding modes, enhancing performance.
    • The Michelson configuration presents advantages in size and application flexibility.