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Published on: April 20, 2019
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Summary
A new quantitative model explains inferior mirages using atmospheric temperature profiles and surface roughness. This model accurately predicts mirage features, including the vanishing line where green flashes appear.
Area of Science:
- Atmospheric optics
- Fluid dynamics
- Boundary layer meteorology
Background:
- Inferior mirages are optical phenomena caused by atmospheric refraction.
- Previous models often oversimplified the atmospheric temperature profile and ignored surface roughness effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a quantitative model for inferior mirages.
- To incorporate realistic temperature profiles and surface roughness into the model.
- To explain the formation of the apparent horizon and the vanishing line.
Main Methods:
- Utilized Monin-Obukhov similarity theory for a realistic temperature profile in the convective boundary layer.
- Developed a model incorporating optical obstruction by surface roughness elements.
- Simulated the model to illustrate its predictions.
Main Results:
- The model accurately determines the top of the inverted image from the logarithmic temperature profile.
- The apparent horizon is determined by optical obstruction from surface roughness.
- Vertical magnification becomes infinite at the vanishing line, explaining green flash visibility.
Conclusions:
- The presented model provides a comprehensive explanation for inferior mirages.
- Surface roughness plays a critical role in shaping the apparent horizon of mirages.
- The model successfully predicts phenomena like green flashes associated with the vanishing line.
