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Inferior mirages: an improved model.

Andrew T Young

    Applied Optics
    |May 14, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A new quantitative model explains inferior mirages using atmospheric temperature profiles and surface roughness. This model accurately predicts mirage features, including the vanishing line where green flashes appear.

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    Area of Science:

    • Atmospheric optics
    • Fluid dynamics
    • Boundary layer meteorology

    Background:

    • Inferior mirages are optical phenomena caused by atmospheric refraction.
    • Previous models often oversimplified the atmospheric temperature profile and ignored surface roughness effects.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a quantitative model for inferior mirages.
    • To incorporate realistic temperature profiles and surface roughness into the model.
    • To explain the formation of the apparent horizon and the vanishing line.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized Monin-Obukhov similarity theory for a realistic temperature profile in the convective boundary layer.
    • Developed a model incorporating optical obstruction by surface roughness elements.
    • Simulated the model to illustrate its predictions.

    Main Results:

    • The model accurately determines the top of the inverted image from the logarithmic temperature profile.
    • The apparent horizon is determined by optical obstruction from surface roughness.
    • Vertical magnification becomes infinite at the vanishing line, explaining green flash visibility.

    Conclusions:

    • The presented model provides a comprehensive explanation for inferior mirages.
    • Surface roughness plays a critical role in shaping the apparent horizon of mirages.
    • The model successfully predicts phenomena like green flashes associated with the vanishing line.