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Related Concept Videos

Potential Due to a Polarized Object01:29

Potential Due to a Polarized Object

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A neutral atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud. When placed in an external electric field, the external electric force pulls the electrons and nucleus apart, opposite to the intrinsic attraction between the nucleus and the electrons. The opposing forces balance each other with a slight shift between the center of masses of the nucleus and the electron cloud, resulting in a polarized atom. On the other hand, a few molecules, like water,...
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The presence of a dielectric medium in a capacitor not only changes the voltage and capacitance but also affects the electric field. In general, dielectrics can be of two types: polar and nonpolar. In a polar dielectric, the positive and negative charges in the molecules are separated by a distance and hence have a permanent dipole moment. In contrast, no such charge separation exists in a nonpolar dielectric, however the nonpolar molecules get polarized in the presence of an external electric...
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Updated: Apr 12, 2026

Performing Spectroscopy on Plasmonic Nanoparticles with Transmission-Based Nomarski-Type Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy
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Using linear polarization for sensing and sizing dielectric nanoparticles.

Ángela I Barreda, Juan M Sanz, Francisco González

    Optics Express
    |May 14, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    High refractive index nanoparticles show spectral polarization (PL) that is weakly dependent on size. This enables real-time sensing of both nanoparticle size and surrounding medium refractive index.

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    Area of Science:

    • Nanophotonics and optical sensing.
    • Dielectric nanoparticle characterization.

    Background:

    • High refractive index (HRI) dielectric nanoparticles exhibit unique optical properties.
    • Extinction efficiency (Qext) is commonly used for sensing applications.
    • Understanding spectral polarization (PL) offers alternative sensing mechanisms.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To numerically investigate the spectral evolution of the degree of linear polarization (PL) at 90° scattering angle for HRI dielectric nanoparticles.
    • To analyze the dependence of PL(90°) on the surrounding medium's refractive index and nanoparticle radius (R).
    • To compare the sensing capabilities of PL(90°) with conventional Qext.

    Main Methods:

    • Numerical simulations of spectral polarization (PL) for HRI dielectric spherical nanoparticles.
    • Analysis focused on the spectral region of electric and magnetic resonances (order ≤ 2).
    • Investigated materials with low absorption, including various semiconductors.

    Main Results:

    • The spectral polarization (PL) at 90° scattering angle shows a weak, linear dependence on nanoparticle size (R).
    • Both Qext and PL(90°) identify the refractive index of the surrounding medium.
    • PL(90°) offers a more robust spectral signature for sensing compared to Qext.

    Conclusions:

    • The weak size dependence of PL(90°) spectral evolution is a key advantage for sensing.
    • This characteristic allows for simultaneous, real-time experimental retrieval of both the external medium's refractive index and nanoparticle size (R).
    • HRI dielectric nanoparticles show promise for advanced optical sensing applications.