Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cascaded Op Amps01:16

Cascaded Op Amps

1.3K
Operational amplifiers (op-amps) are versatile electronic components that can be interconnected in a cascade - one after another in a linear sequence. This cascading is possible due to their infinite input resistance and zero output resistance, allowing them to maintain their input-output relationships even when connected in series.
In a cascaded system, each op-amp is referred to as a stage. The output of one stage drives the input of the subsequent stage. As the input signal passes through...
1.3K
Small-Signal Analysis of MOSFET Amplifiers01:23

Small-Signal Analysis of MOSFET Amplifiers

1.3K
In small-signal analysis, a MOSFET transistor amplifier acts as a linear amplifier when operating in its saturation region. The gate-to-source voltage (VGS) of the MOSFET is the sum of the DC biasing voltage and the small time-varying input signal. This combination sets up the operating point and modulates the drain current (ID) that flows from the drain to the source. When a small AC signal is superimposed on the DC bias voltage at the gate, the instantaneous drain current comprises three...
1.3K
Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lag Control01:21

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lag Control

452
Phase-lag controllers are widely used in control systems to improve stability and reduce steady-state errors. A dimmer switch controlling the brightness of a light bulb serves as a practical example of phase-lag control, gradually adjusting the bulb's brightness. Mathematically, phase-lag control or low-pass filtering is represented when the factor 'a' is less than 1.
Phase-lag controllers do not place a pole at zero, but instead influence the steady-state error by amplifying any...
452
Gain01:15

Gain

623
Gain and phase shift are properties of linear circuits that describe the effect a circuit has on a sinusoidal input voltage or current. The circuit's behavior that contains reactive elements will depend on the frequency of the input sinusoid. As a result, it is observed that the gain and phase shift will all be frequency functions.
Gain:
Suppose Vin is the input and Vout is the output signal to a circuit.
623
Phase-lead and Phase-lag Controllers01:22

Phase-lead and Phase-lag Controllers

632
Understanding the working function of different types of controllers can be illustrated with practical analogies, such as adjusting a stereo's volume equalizer. Cranking up the bass involves a phase-lead controller, which functions as a high-pass filter, while increasing the treble uses a phase-lag controller, which acts as a low-pass filter. PD controllers, similar to high-pass filters, enhance the system's response to high-frequency components. PI controllers, akin to low-pass...
632
Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control01:24

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control

520
Phase-lead controllers are commonly used in various control systems to enhance response speed and stability. Adjusting the brightness on a television screen offers a practical example of phase-lead control. When contrast is enhanced, a phase-lead controller is employed. Mathematically, phase-lead control is identified when the first parameter is smaller than the second.
The design of phase-lead control involves the strategic placement of poles and zeros to balance steady-state error and system...
520

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Complementary hyperpolarized <sup>13</sup>C and <sup>15</sup>N MRI reveal divergent signatures of hepatic injury and methyl-donor metabolism.

Npj imaging·2026
Same author

Across-cities transportable <sup>13</sup>C hyperpolarization using UV-induced labile radicals.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

High-channel-count neural recording and stimulation platform with 5,376 simultaneous recording channels.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Comparative Genomics Provide Insight Into the Evolution of European Aphanomyces euteiches Strains.

Genome biology and evolution·2026
Same author

Functional characterization of a CFEM domain-containing protein in the mycoparasitic fungus Clonostachys rosea reveals antimicrobial activity and a role in conidiation.

Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG·2026
Same author

Phenogenomics reveals the ecology and evolution of Trichoderma fungi for sustainable agriculture.

Nature microbiology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 12, 2026

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator
08:39

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Published on: January 28, 2019

10.5K

Nonlinear phase noise mitigation in phase-sensitive amplified transmission systems.

Samuel L I Olsson, Magnus Karlsson, Peter A Andrekson

    Optics Express
    |May 14, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study demonstrates nonlinear phase noise mitigation in phase-sensitive amplifier (PSA) systems, achieving record receiver sensitivity. This breakthrough enhances optical transmission performance for various modulation formats.

    More Related Videos

    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
    09:43

    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

    Published on: March 20, 2017

    10.4K
    Measurement of Scattering Nonlinearities from a Single Plasmonic Nanoparticle
    15:06

    Measurement of Scattering Nonlinearities from a Single Plasmonic Nanoparticle

    Published on: January 3, 2016

    13.5K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Apr 12, 2026

    Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator
    08:39

    Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

    Published on: January 28, 2019

    10.5K
    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
    09:43

    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

    Published on: March 20, 2017

    10.4K
    Measurement of Scattering Nonlinearities from a Single Plasmonic Nanoparticle
    15:06

    Measurement of Scattering Nonlinearities from a Single Plasmonic Nanoparticle

    Published on: January 3, 2016

    13.5K

    Area of Science:

    • Optical communications
    • Nonlinear optics
    • Quantum optics

    Background:

    • In-line amplifier noise impacts optical transmission systems.
    • Phase-sensitive amplifiers (PSAs) offer potential for noise reduction.
    • Nonlinear phase noise (NLPN) is a significant challenge in high-speed optical systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of in-line amplifier noise in PSA-amplified systems.
    • To experimentally demonstrate nonlinear phase noise (NLPN) mitigation in a modulation format-independent PSA-amplified transmission system.
    • To present a record high-sensitivity receiver enabled by PSA technology.

    Main Methods:

    • Experimental investigation of a single-span transmission system with noise loading.
    • Numerical simulations to support experimental findings.
    • Characterization of receiver sensitivity using quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) data.

    Main Results:

    • First experimental demonstration of NLPN mitigation in a modulation format-independent PSA-amplified system.
    • Attribution of NLPN mitigation to correlated noise on signal and idler waves.
    • Achieved a record receiver sensitivity of 4.1 photons per bit at a 10 GBd QPSK data rate for a 1x10^-3 BER.

    Conclusions:

    • Phase-sensitive amplifiers can effectively mitigate nonlinear phase noise.
    • The demonstrated NLPN mitigation is modulation format independent.
    • Low-noise PSA amplification enables ultra-high receiver sensitivity, advancing optical communication capabilities.