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Cost-effective Method for Microbial Source Tracking Using Specific Human and Animal Viruses

Cost-effective Method for Microbial Source Tracking Using Specific Human and Animal Viruses

Published on: December 3, 2011

A novel microbial source tracking microarray for pathogen detection and fecal source identification in environmental

Xiang Li¹, Valerie J Harwood², Bina Nayak²

¹†Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, West Virginia University, P.O. Box 6103, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States.

Environmental Science & Technology

|May 14, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Detecting pathogens and fecal contamination sources in water is difficult. A custom microarray identified pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes in sewage and animal feces, though microbial source tracking sensitivity was low.

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A High-throughput Platform for the Screening of Salmonella spp./Shigella spp.

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Published on: November 7, 2018

Area of Science:

Environmental microbiology
Molecular diagnostics
Water quality assessment

Background:

Identifying fecal contamination sources in environmental waters is challenging due to pathogen diversity and indicator bacteria.
Accurate risk assessment and remediation strategies are hindered by current detection limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a custom microarray for simultaneous detection of pathogens, microbial source tracking (MST) markers, and antibiotic resistance genes.
To assess the performance of the microarray in environmental samples like sewage and animal feces.

Main Methods:

Whole genome amplification (WGA) of DNA/RNA from sewage and animal feces.
Testing a custom microarray with specific probes for pathogens, MST markers, and antibiotic resistance genes.
Evaluating microarray specificity and semiquantitative measurement using dilution series.
Utilizing next-generation DNA sequencing for comprehensive microbial community analysis.

Main Results:

The microarray successfully detected pathogens (e.g., norovirus, Salmonella) and antibiotic resistance genes in sewage.
Microbial source tracking marker sensitivity was 21-33%, while specificity was 83-90%.
Next-generation sequencing identified dominant bacterial families (Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae) common across all fecal sources.

Conclusions:

The custom microarray is a viable tool for detecting various targets in sewage and fecal samples.
Further array design improvements are needed to enhance the sensitivity of microbial source tracking.
Understanding dominant microbial communities can inform future water quality monitoring tool development.