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Lipoprotein profile, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 and cardiovascular risk in hemodialysis patients

Roberta Rolla1, Andreana De Mauri2, Ambra Valsesia1

  • 1Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, Amedeo Avogadro University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy.

Journal of Nephrology
|May 15, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Cardiovascular disease risk is high in hemodialysis patients due to altered lipoproteins. Elevated lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) indicates increased cardiovascular events in these patients.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of death in hemodialysis patients.
  • Accelerated atherosclerosis, inflammation, and altered lipoprotein metabolism contribute to CVD risk.
  • Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) is implicated in atherosclerosis progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate Lp-PLA2 and pro-inflammatory markers in the lipoprotein profile of dialysis patients.
  • To assess the relationship between these markers and accelerated atherosclerosis and vascular events.
  • To understand the atherogenic phenotype of lipoproteins in hemodialysis patients.

Main Methods:

  • Compared lipoprotein profiles, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), ceruloplasmin, and serum amyloid A protein (SAA) in 102 dialysis patients and 40 controls.
  • Followed patients for 1 year to record acute cardiovascular events.
  • Measured Lp-PLA2 levels and their ratio with apolipoprotein A1.

Main Results:

  • Dialysis patients had lower total cholesterol, LDL, and HDL than controls.
  • Dialysis patients showed significantly higher CRP, SAA, ceruloplasmin, and Lp-PLA2 levels.
  • Patients with Lp-PLA2 >194 nmol/min/ml experienced more cardiovascular events.

Conclusions:

  • Low-density lipoproteins in dialysis patients exhibit a more atherogenic phenotype.
  • High-density lipoproteins in dialysis patients have reduced anti-inflammatory properties.
  • Lp-PLA2 may serve as a valuable biomarker for assessing cardiovascular risk in dialysis patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
HemodialysisInflammationLipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2Lipoproteins

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