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Comparison of FDG-PET/CT images between chronic renal failure patients on hemodialysis and controls

Akira Toriihara1, Yoshio Kitazume1, Hidenori Nishida2

  • 1Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo, Japan.

American Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
|May 15, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Chronic renal failure patients on hemodialysis exhibit altered 2-deoxy-2-[(18)F]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) distribution. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging reveals higher physiological FDG uptake in soft tissues, spleen, and blood pool compared to healthy individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Medicine
  • Radiology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Chronic renal failure (CRF) patients on hemodialysis have altered physiology, including volume overload and lack of urinary excretion.
  • This can affect the distribution of radiotracers like 2-deoxy-2-[(18)F]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate differences in physiological FDG uptake patterns between CRF patients on hemodialysis and healthy controls.
  • To identify specific tissues with altered FDG distribution in hemodialysis patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study comparing 24 CRF patients on hemodialysis (HD group) with 24 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (NC group).
  • Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging was used to calculate standardized uptake values (SUV) normalized by body weight (SUVbw), ideal body weight (SUVibw), lean body mass (SUVlbm), and body surface area (SUVbsa).
  • SUV values were assessed in various organs and tissues including cerebellum, lungs, liver, muscles, fat, spleen, spine, aorta, and right atrium.

Main Results:

  • Hemodialysis patients showed significantly higher SUVbw in gluteal muscles, subcutaneous fat, spleen, and right atrium compared to controls (p < 0.05).
  • Significantly higher SUVibw, SUVlbm, and SUVbsa were observed in the abdominal aorta of the HD group versus the NC group (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • CRF patients undergoing hemodialysis demonstrate significantly higher physiological FDG uptake in soft tissues, spleen, and the blood pool compared to individuals with normal renal function.
  • These findings highlight altered FDG distribution patterns in hemodialysis patients, likely due to physiological changes associated with renal failure and treatment.

Keywords:
Chronic renal failureFDG-PET/CThemodialysisphysiological uptake

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