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Related Concept Videos

Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization01:25

Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization

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Crystallization is a phase transformation process in which crystals are precipitated from a supersaturated solution or formed from other sources. During crystallization, atoms or molecules arrange themselves into a well-defined, rigid crystal lattice to minimize energy.
Initiating crystallization involves manipulating the concentration of the solute and the temperature of the solution. Since crystal growth occurs when the ratio of concentration and solubility of the solute in the solvent...
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The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
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Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
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Recrystallization is a purification technique used to separate impurities from solid compounds. In this technique, no chemical reactions occur. Instead, it exploits physical properties only, specifically, the solubility differences between the desired compound and impurities, either at a single temperature or at different temperatures, and under other selected conditions. The solid-solution equilibrium (solubility equilibrium) of each component in the solution represents a binary phase...
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Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
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The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
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Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
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Aging and crystallization in a lattice glass model.

Alejandro Seif1, Ernesto S Loscar1, Tomás S Grigera1

  • 1Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoqumicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA) and Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, c.c. 16, suc. 4, B1904DPI La Plata, Argentina and CCT CONICET La Plata, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, La Plata, Argentina.

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Summary

This study examines a 3D lattice glass model, finding its metastability limit exceeds the Kauzmann temperature. The model

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Materials science
  • Statistical mechanics

Background:

  • The Pica Ciamarra et al. model (Phys. Rev. E 67, 057105 (2003)) simulates structural glass phenomenology.
  • Key features include the cage effect, relaxation time increase, and aging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the metastability limit of the 3D lattice glass model.
  • To evaluate the model's suitability for studying the deeply supercooled regime.

Main Methods:

  • Short-time dynamics analysis.
  • Investigation of the aging exponent in the metastable liquid region.

Main Results:

  • The metastability limit was found to be above the estimated Kauzmann temperature.
  • The aging exponent in the metastable region is less than 0.5.
  • Equilibrium is reached relatively quickly in the metastable region.

Conclusions:

  • The 3D lattice glass model has limited utility for deeply supercooled states.
  • The model's predictions may not accurately represent phenomena in extreme supercooling.