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Published on: September 9, 2022
Cusps and cuspidal edges at fluid interfaces: Existence and application.
1Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada AB T6G 2G1.
This study links fluid dynamics singularities to geometric ones at fluid interfaces. A key finding is that surface tension variation is necessary for geometric singularities, which are crucial for energy conversion.
Area of Science:
- Fluid Dynamics
- Geometric Singularity Theory
- Interfacial Phenomena
Background:
- Investigating the relationship between dynamic and geometric singularities in fluid dynamics.
- Understanding unbounded velocity fields and diverging curvature at fluid interfaces.
Purpose of the Study:
- To establish a connection between real fluid interfaces and geometric singularity theory.
- To identify conditions for the existence of interfacial singularities.
- To explore the interplay between dynamic and geometric singularities.
Main Methods:
- Focusing on generic interfacial singularities: genuine cusps and cuspidal edges.
- Analyzing singularities in both two and three dimensions.
- Developing explicit asymptotic solutions for flow fields and interface shapes near steady-state singularities.
Main Results:
- Established a necessary condition for geometric singularities: variation of surface tension.
- Demonstrated that dynamic and geometric singularities entail each other only in 3D cusps.
- Provided explicit asymptotic solutions for flow and interface behavior near singularities.
Conclusions:
- Geometric singularities are linked to fluid dynamics, with surface tension variation being a key factor.
- The interplay between dynamic and geometric singularities is specific to 3D cusps.
- Interfacial singularities are fundamental to chemical-to-mechanical energy conversion.

