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Related Experiment Videos

Anatomic considerations for abdominally placed permanent left ventricular assist devices.

S M Parnis1, M G McGee, S R Igo

  • 1Cullen Cardiovascular Surgical Research Laboratories, Texas Heart Institute, Houston 77225.

ASAIO Transactions
|July 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Abdominal placement of pneumatic left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) is safe for temporary heart transplant support. This study found minimal organ compression and no obstruction, suggesting suitability for permanent devices.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Pneumatic left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are used for temporary cardiac support.
  • Understanding anatomical constraints is vital for LVAD placement to prevent complications.
  • Permanent LVADs require detailed knowledge of abdominal space and organ interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the anatomical compatibility of intraperitoneal LVAD placement in the left upper quadrant.
  • To evaluate potential compression or obstruction of adjacent abdominal viscera.
  • To determine parameters for permanent, electrically actuated LVADs based on temporary pneumatic device experience.

Main Methods:

  • Anatomical compatibility was assessed in four male patients (age 22-48) receiving temporary LVAD support.

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  • Radiographic techniques, including CT scans and contrast imaging, were used to evaluate pump and conduit positioning.
  • Patients were monitored for organ compression, obstruction, migration, and erosion.

    • Main Results:

    • LVAD pumps were intraperitoneally placed in the left upper quadrant with proper positioning of the pump and conduits.
    • Minimal compression of the stomach body was observed, with no obstruction of adjacent organs.
    • Three patients resumed solid food diets and daily exercise; no pump migration or erosion occurred.

    Conclusions:

    • Short-term clinical experience with intraperitoneal pneumatic LVADs demonstrates good anatomical tolerance.
    • The findings support the potential for electrically actuated LVADs to be well-tolerated for permanent left ventricular assistance.
    • Proper LVAD placement minimizes risks of visceral compression and obstruction, ensuring patient quality of life.