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Selective immunoglobulin E deficiency (IgED) is linked to increased risks of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). This study found higher prevalence of hypertension and ASCVD in individuals with IgED compared to controls.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cardiology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Selective immunoglobulin E deficiency (IgED) is characterized by serum IgE levels ≥ 2 kIU/L.
  • IgED is associated with immune dysregulation and autoimmunity.
  • The link between IgED and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of ASCVD in a population with IgED.
  • To compare cardiovascular disease risk factors in individuals with and without IgED.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study was conducted using the Leumit Health Care Services (LHS) electronic patient record (EPR) database in Israel.
  • Cases (n=103) had IgED (serum IgE < 2 kIU/L) and were aged ≥ 40 years.
  • Controls (n=1030) were randomly sampled from the remaining population with a 1:10 ratio.

Main Results:

  • The IgED group showed significantly higher prevalence of arterial hypertension (37.7% vs 18.2%, p < 0.001).
  • Increased rates of ischemic heart disease (25.2% vs 8.4%, p < 0.001) were observed in the IgED group.
  • The IgED group also had higher prevalence of carotid stenosis, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral vascular disease.

Conclusions:

  • Selective immunoglobulin E deficiency is associated with a higher prevalence of arterial hypertension.
  • IgED is linked to an increased prevalence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
  • Further research is warranted to understand the underlying mechanisms connecting IgED and ASCVD.